# go_term

go_id: GO:0044517
term: modulation of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor activity in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in the activity of a vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor in a second organism.


go_id: GO:0044518
term: positive regulation of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor activity in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of a vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor in a second organism.


go_id: GO:0044519
ontology: BP
term:
envenomation resulting in modulation of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor activity in another organism

definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant modulation of the activity of a vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor in the bitten organism.


go_id: GO:0044520
ontology: BP
term:
envenomation resulting in positive regulation of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor activity in another organism

definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant positive regulation of the activity of a vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor in the bitten organism.


go_id: GO:0044521
term: envenomation resulting in muscle damage in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with resultant muscle damage in the bitten organism.


go_id: GO:0044522
term: envenomation resulting in myocyte killing in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, killing heart myocytes and ultimately resulting in muscle damage in the bitten organism.


go_id: GO:0044523
term: envenomation resulting in damage of muscle extracellular matrix in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, damaging the extracellular matrix of muscle cells and ultimately resulting in muscle necrosis in the bitten organism.


go_id: GO:0044525
term: peptidyl-cystine sulfhydration
ontology: BP
definition:
The modification of a peptidyl-cystine residue in a protein by the addition of sulfur, to form peptidyl-cysteine persulfide.


go_id: GO:0044526
term: formation of peptidyl-cystine persulfide by sulphur transfer from free cysteine
ontology: BP
definition:
The modification of a peptidyl-cystine residue in a protein by the transfer of a sulfur atom from a free cysteine (in the process converting the free cysteine to alanine) to the peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-cysteine persulfide.


go_id: GO:0044527
term: formation of peptidyl-cystine persulfide by sulphur transfer from H2S
ontology: BP
definition:
The modification of a peptidyl-cystine residue in a protein by the direct addition of H2S, followed by the removal of 2 protons to form peptidyl-cysteine persulfide.


go_id: GO:0044528
term: regulation of mitochondrial mRNA stability
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the propensity of mitochondrial mRNA molecules to degradation. Includes processes that both stabilize and destabilize mitochondrial mRNAs.


go_id: GO:0044529
term: regulation of mitochondrial rRNA stability
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the propensity of mitochondrial rRNA molecules to degradation. Includes processes that both stabilize and destabilize mitochondrial rRNAs.


go_id: GO:0044530
term: supraspliceosomal complex
ontology: CC
definition:
Multicomponent complex of RNA and proteins that is composed of four active spliceosomes, termed native spliceosomes, connected to each other by the pre-mRNA. The supraspliceosome is the nuclear machine where the pre-mRNA processing takes place, like the 5'-end capping, 3'-end cleavage, splicing and editing.


go_id: GO:0044532
term: modulation of apoptotic process in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
A process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of apoptosis in a second organism.


go_id: GO:0044533
term: positive regulation of apoptotic process in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death by apoptosis in a second organism.


go_id: GO:0044534
term: envenomation resulting in modulation of apoptotic process in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant modulation of apoptosis in the bitten organism.


go_id: GO:0044535
term: very-long-chain fatty acyl-CoA oxidase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: very-long-chain fatty acyl-CoA (C22 - C24) + O2 = trans-2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + hydrogen peroxide.


go_id: GO:0044536
term: envenomation resulting in depletion of circulating fibrinogen in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
The process which begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with a reduction in the quantity of fibrinogen found in the bloodstream of the bitten/stung organism.


go_id: GO:0044538
term: host cell periphery
ontology: CC
definition:
The part of a cell encompassing the cell cortex, the plasma membrane, and any external encapsulating structures of a host cell.


go_id: GO:0044539
term: long-chain fatty acid import into cell
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a long-chain fatty acid from outside of a cell into a cell. This may occur via transport across the plasma membrane or via endocytosis. A long-chain fatty acid is a fatty acid with a chain length between C13 and C22.


go_id: GO:0044540
term: L-cystine L-cysteine-lyase (deaminating)
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: L-cystine + H2O <=> pyruvate + NH3 + thiocysteine. Thiocysteine is also known as cysteine persulfide.


go_id: GO:0044541
term: zymogen activation in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the proteolytic processing of an inactive enzyme to an active form in another organism.


go_id: GO:0044542
term: plasminogen activation in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the processing of inactive plasminogen to active plasmin in another organism.


go_id: GO:0044543
term: envenomation resulting in zymogen activation in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
The process which begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the proteolytic processing of an inactive enzyme to an active form.


go_id: GO:0044544
term: envenomation resulting in plasminogen activation in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
The process which begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the activation of plasminogen into plasmin in the bitten organism. This process includes cleavage at an internal Arg-Val site to form an N-terminal A-chain and C-terminal B-chain held together by a disulfide bond, and can include further proteolytic cleavage events to remove the preactivation peptide.


go_id: GO:0044545
term: NSL complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A histone acetyltransferase complex that catalyzes the acetylation of a histone H4 lysine residues at several positions. In human, it contains the catalytic subunit MOF, NSL1/KIAA1267, NSL2/KANSL2, NSL3/KANSL3, MCRS1, PHF20, OGT1, WDR5 and HCF1.


go_id: GO:0044546
term: NLRP3 inflammasome complex assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the NLRP3 inflammasome complex, occurring at the level of an individual cell.


go_id: GO:0044548
term: S100 protein binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Binding to a S100 protein. S100 is a small calcium and zinc binding protein produced in astrocytes that is implicated in Alzheimer's disease, Down Syndrome and ALS.


go_id: GO:0044550
term: secondary metabolite biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of secondary metabolites, the compounds that are not necessarily required for growth and maintenance of cells, and are often unique to a taxon.


go_id: GO:0044551
term: envenomation resulting in vasodilation in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with resultant vasodilation of blood vessels, usually causing a reduction in blood pressure, in the bitten/stung organism.


go_id: GO:0044552
term: vasodilation in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
A process by which an organism causes vasodilation of blood vessels, usually causing a reduction in blood pressure, in another organism.


go_id: GO:0044553
term: modulation of biological quality in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a biological quality in another organism. A biological quality is a measurable attribute of an organism or part of an organism, such as size, mass, shape, color, etc.


go_id: GO:0044556
term: envenomation resulting in negative regulation of heart rate in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the negative regulation of the heart rate of the bitten/stung organism.


go_id: GO:0044557
term: relaxation of smooth muscle
ontology: BP
definition:
A process in which the extent of smooth muscle contraction is reduced. Smooth muscle differs from striated muscle in the much higher actin/myosin ratio, the absence of conspicuous sarcomeres and the ability to contract to a much smaller fraction of its resting length.


go_id: GO:0044559
ontology: BP
term:
envenomation resulting in modulation of voltage-gated potassium channel activity in another organism

definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with a resultant change in the activity of a voltage-gated potassium channel in the bitten/stung organism.


go_id: GO:0044560
term: envenomation resulting in modulation of ion channel activity in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with a resultant change in the activity of an ion channel in the bitten organism.


go_id: GO:0044561
term: modulation of ion channel activity in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism effects a change in the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of an ion channel in another organism.


go_id: GO:0044562
ontology: BP
term:
envenomation resulting in negative regulation of voltage-gated potassium channel activity in another organism

definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with a resultant negative regulation of the activity of a voltage-gated potassium channel in the bitten/stung organism.


go_id: GO:0044563
ontology: BP
term:
envenomation resulting in slowing of activation kinetics of voltage-gated potassium channel in another organism

definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with a resultant slowing of the activation kinetics of the activity of a voltage-gated potassium channel in the bitten/stung organism.


go_id: GO:0044564
ontology: BP
term:
envenomation resulting in occlusion of the pore of voltage-gated potassium channel in another organism

definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with a resultant blocking of a voltage-gated potassium channel, inhibiting the pore's activity, in the bitten/stung organism.


go_id: GO:0044565
term: dendritic cell proliferation
ontology: BP
definition:
The expansion of a dendritic cell population by cell division. A dendritic cell is a cell of hematopoietic origin, typically resident in particular tissues, specialized in the uptake, processing, and transport of antigens to lymph nodes for the purpose of stimulating an immune response via T cell activation.


go_id: GO:0044566
term: chondrocyte activation
ontology: BP
definition:
A change in the morphology or behavior of a chondrocyte resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand. A chondrocyte is a polymorphic cell that forms cartilage.


go_id: GO:0044567
term: primary cell wall cellulose synthase complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A large, multimeric protein complex which catalyzes the biosynthesis of cellulose for the plant primary cell wall. In Arabidopsis, contains the essential component proteins CESA1 and -3, and a CESA6-related protein.


go_id: GO:0044568
term: secondary cell wall cellulose synthase complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A large, multimeric protein complex which catalyzes the biosynthesis of cellulose for the plant secondary cell wall. In Arabidopsis, contains the essential component proteins CESA8, CESA7, and CESA4.


go_id: GO:0044569
term: [Ni-Fe] hydrogenase complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A microbial enzyme complex which contains nickel and iron in its active site. In Acetomicrobium flavidum it is an alpha 2 beta 2 tetramer.


go_id: GO:0044573
term: nitrogenase P cluster assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
The biochemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a P-cluster of a nitrogenase, a high-nuclearity, Fe/S-only cluster that can be viewed as two [4Fe-4S] sub-clusters sharing a gamma-6-sulfide.


go_id: GO:0044574
term: starch utilization system complex assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of the starch utilization system complex, a complex of cell envelope-associated proteins that degrades glycan.


go_id: GO:0044575
term: cellulosome assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
The assembly of a cellulosome, a macromolecular multi-enzyme complex in bacteria that facilitates the breakdown of cellulase, hemicellulase and pectin in the plant cell wall.


go_id: GO:0044576
term: pentose catabolic process to ethanol
ontology: BP
definition:
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a pentose, any monosaccharide with a chain of five carbons, where one of the resulting products is ethanol.


go_id: GO:0044577
term: xylose catabolic process to ethanol
ontology: BP
definition:
The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of xylose, an aldopentose, where one of the resulting products is ethanol.


go_id: GO:0044579
term: butyryl-CoA biosynthetic process from acetyl-CoA
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathway resulting in the formation of butyryl-CoA, starting from acetyl-CoA.


go_id: GO:0044581
term: butyryl-CoA catabolic process to butyrate
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions a resulting in the resulting in the breakdown of butyryl-CoA to form butyrate.


go_id: GO:0044582
term: butyryl-CoA catabolic process to butanol
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions a resulting in the resulting in the breakdown of butyryl-CoA to form butanol.


go_id: GO:0044586
term: cellotetraose binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Binding to a cellotetraose, an oligosaccharide consisting of four glucose residues resulting from hydrolysis of cellulose.


go_id: GO:0044587
term: cellopentaose binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Binding to a cellopentaose, an oligosaccharide consisting of four glucose residues resulting from hydrolysis of cellulose.


go_id: GO:0044590
term: iron-sulfur-molybdenum cofactor binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Binding to iron molybdenum cofactor, the cofactor located at the active site of the molybdenum nitrogenase.


go_id: GO:0044591
term: response to amylopectin
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of amylopectin stimulus.


go_id: GO:0044592
term: response to pullulan
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of pullulan stimulus.


go_id: GO:0044593
term: iron-sulfur-molybdenum cofactor assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of iron-sulfur-molybdenum cofactor, the cofactor located at the active site of the molybdenum nitrogenase.


go_id: GO:0044595
term: decaprenyldihydroxybenzoate methyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 3-decaprenyl-4,5-dihydroxybenzoate = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 3-decaprenyl-4-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzoate.


go_id: GO:0044596
term: 3-demethylubiquinol-10 3-O-methyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 3-demethylubiquinol-10 = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + ubiquinol-10.


go_id: GO:0044597
term: daunorubicin metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving daunorubicin, a chemotherapeutic of the anthracycline family that is given as a treatment for some types of cancer.


go_id: GO:0044598
term: doxorubicin metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving doxorubicin, an anthracycline antibiotic, used in cancer chemotherapy.


go_id: GO:0044599
term: AP-5 adaptor complex
ontology: CC
definition:
An AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that in humans consists of beta5, zeta, mu5 and sigma5 subunits and is found associated with membranes in the endosomes; it is not clear whether AP-5 forms clathrin coats in vivo.


go_id: GO:0044600
term: protein guanylyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + protein = diphosphate + guanylyl-protein; mediates the addition of an guanylyl (guanosine 5'-monophosphate; GMP group) to specific residues of target proteins.


go_id: GO:0044603
term: protein adenylylhydrolase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: adenylyl-protein+ H2O = adenylate + protein; mediates the removal of an adenylyl (adenosine 5'-monophosphate; AMP group) from specific residues of target proteins.


go_id: GO:0044604
term: ABC-type phytochelatin transporter activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Enables the directed movement of a phytochelatin from one side of a membrane to the other. Phytochelatins are a group of peptides that bind metals (Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb, Hg) in thiolate coordination complexes.


go_id: GO:0044606
term: phosphocholine hydrolase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: protein-serine-choline phosphate + H2O = protein-serine + choline phosphate.


go_id: GO:0044609
term: DBIRD complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A protein complex that associates with mRNP particles and RNA polymerase II and is proposed to integrate transcript elongation with the regulation of alternative splicing. In humans it is composed of the proteins KIAA1967/DBC1 and ZNF326/ZIRD.


go_id: GO:0044610
term: FMN transmembrane transporter activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Enables the directed movement of flavine mononucleotide (FMN) from one side of a membrane to the other.


go_id: GO:0044611
term: nuclear pore inner ring
ontology: CC
definition:
A subcomplex of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) that forms the inner rings of the core scaffold, a lattice-like structure that gives the NPC its shape and strength. In S. cerevisiae, the two inner rings are each composed of Nup192p, Nup188p, Nup170p and Nup157p. In vertebrates, the two inner rings are each composed of Nup205, Nup188 and Nup155. Components are arranged in 8-fold symmetrical 'spokes' around the central transport channel. A single 'spoke', can be isolated and is sometimes referred to as the Nup170 complex.


go_id: GO:0044612
term: nuclear pore linkers
ontology: CC
definition:
A substructure of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) that serves to connect members of the central transport channel (composed of FG-nucleoporins) to the core scaffold (composed of the inner and outer NPC rings). In S. cerevisiae, the linkers are Nic96p and Nup82p. In vertebrates, they are Nup93 and Nup88. Components are arranged in 8-fold symmetrical 'spokes' around the central transport channel. Both linkers can be isolated in association with specific FG-nucleoporins, complexes that are sometimes referred to as the Nic96 complex (Nic96p-Nsp1p-Nup49p-Nup57p) and the Nup82 complex (Nup82p-Nup116p-Nup159p-Gle2p).


go_id: GO:0044613
term: nuclear pore central transport channel
ontology: CC
definition:
The central substructure of the nuclear pore complex (NPC), through which nucleocytoplasmic transport of RNAs, proteins and small molecules occurs. The central transport channel is filled with FG-nucleoporins, which form a selective barrier and provide a series of binding sites for transporter proteins. Characterized S. cerevisiae FG-nucleoporins include Nup159p, Nup145Np, Nup116p, Nup100p, Nsp1p, Nup57p, Nup49p, Nup42p, Nup53p, Nup59p/Asm4p, Nup60p and Nup1. Characterized vertebrate FG-nucleoporins include Nup214, Nup98, Nup62, Nup54, Nup58/45, NLP1, and Nup153.


go_id: GO:0044614
term: nuclear pore cytoplasmic filaments
ontology: CC
definition:
Filamentous extensions on cytoplasmic face of the nuclear pore complex (NPC). In S. cerevisiae, Nup159p, Nup82p, and Nup42p contribute to the cytoplasmic filaments. In vertebrates, Nup358 is a major component.


go_id: GO:0044615
term: nuclear pore nuclear basket
ontology: CC
definition:
A filamentous, cage-like assembly on the nuclear face of the nuclear pore complex (NPC). In S. cerevisiae, Mlp1p and Mlp2p are two major components of the NPC nuclear basket. In vertebrates, Tpr is a major component.


go_id: GO:0044617
term: modulation of relaxation of smooth muscle in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in the relaxation of smooth muscle in a second organism.


go_id: GO:0044618
term: modulation of relaxation of uterine smooth muscle in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in the relaxation of smooth muscle in the uterus of a second organism.


go_id: GO:0044619
term: positive regulation of relaxation of uterine smooth muscle in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism increases the extent of relaxation of smooth muscle in the uterus of a second organism.


go_id: GO:0044620
term: ACP phosphopantetheine attachment site binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Binding to the attachment site of the phosphopantetheine prosthetic group of an acyl carrier protein (ACP).


go_id: GO:0044621
term: modulation of cell migration in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in the process of cell migration in a second organism.


go_id: GO:0044622
term: negative regulation of cell migration in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration in a second organism.


go_id: GO:0044623
term: positive regulation of cell migration in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration in a second organism.


go_id: GO:0044624
term: envenomation resulting in modulation of cell migration in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the modulation of cell migration in the bitten organism.


go_id: GO:0044625
term: envenomation resulting in negative regulation of cell migration in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the negative regulation of cell migration in the bitten organism.


go_id: GO:0044626
term: envenomation resulting in positive regulation of cell migration in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the positive regulation of cell migration in the bitten organism.


go_id: GO:0044627
term: modulation of complement activation, classical pathway in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the classical pathway of complement activation, in a different organism.


go_id: GO:0044628
term: positive regulation of complement activation, classical pathway in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of complement activation by the classical pathway, in a different organism.


go_id: GO:0044629
term: negative regulation of complement activation, classical pathway in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of complement activation by the classical pathway, in a different organism.


go_id: GO:0044630
term: modulation of complement activation, lectin pathway in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the lectin pathway of complement activation, in a different organism.


go_id: GO:0044631
term: positive regulation of complement activation, lectin pathway in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of complement activation by the lectin pathway, in a different organism.


go_id: GO:0044632
term: negative regulation of complement activation, lectin pathway in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of complement activation by the lectin pathway, in a different organism.


go_id: GO:0044633
term: modulation of complement activation, alternative pathway in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of complement activation, via the alternative pathway, in a different organism.


go_id: GO:0044634
term: negative regulation of complement activation, alternative pathway in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of complement activation by the alternative pathway, in a different organism.


go_id: GO:0044635
term: positive regulation of complement activation, alternative pathway in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of complement activation by the alternative pathway, in a different organism.


go_id: GO:0044636
ontology: BP
term:
envenomation resulting in modulation of complement activation, classical pathway in another organism

definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the regulation of complement activation via the classical pathway of the bitten/stung organism.


go_id: GO:0044637
ontology: BP
term:
envenomation resulting in negative regulation of complement activation, classical pathway in another organism

definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the negative regulation of complement activation via the classical pathway of the bitten/stung organism.


go_id: GO:0044638
ontology: BP
term:
envenomation resulting in positive regulation of complement activation, classical pathway in another organism

definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the positive regulation of complement activation via the classical pathway of the bitten/stung organism.


go_id: GO:0044639
term: envenomation resulting in modulation of complement activation, lectin pathway in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant modulation of complement activation via the lectin pathway in the bitten/stung organism.


go_id: GO:0044640
ontology: BP
term:
envenomation resulting in negative regulation of complement activation, lectin pathway in another organism

definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant negative regulation of complement activation via the lectin pathway in the bitten/stung organism.


go_id: GO:0044641
ontology: BP
term:
envenomation resulting in positive regulation of complement activation, lectin pathway in another organism

definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant positive regulation of complement activation via the lectin pathway in the bitten/stung organism.


go_id: GO:0044642
ontology: BP
term:
envenomation resulting in modulation of complement activation, alternative pathway in another organism

definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant modulation of complement activation via the alternative pathway in the bitten/stung organism.


go_id: GO:0044643
ontology: BP
term:
envenomation resulting in positive regulation of complement activation, alternative pathway in another organism

definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant positive regulation of complement activation via the alternative pathway in the bitten/stung organism.


go_id: GO:0044644
ontology: BP
term:
envenomation resulting in negative regulation of complement activation, alternative pathway in another organism

definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant negative regulation of complement activation via the alternative pathway in the bitten/stung organism.


go_id: GO:0044645
term: modulation of complement activation in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of complement activation in a different organism.


go_id: GO:0044646
term: envenomation resulting in modulation of complement activation in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant modulation of complement activation in the bitten/stung organism.


go_id: GO:0044647
term: host-symbiont bicellular tight junction
ontology: CC
definition:
An occluding cell-cell junction formed between the membranes of the apical end of an invading cell (e.g. a merozoite in Plasmodium) and a host target cell (e.g. erythrocyte for Plasmodium infection). The junction is a stable yet dynamic structure that moves around the symbiont cell during invasion, enclosing it in a vacuole surrounded by a membrane.


go_id: GO:0044648
term: histone H3-K4 dimethylation
ontology: BP
definition:
The modification of histone H3 by addition of two methyl groups to lysine at position 4 of the histone.


go_id: GO:0044649
term: envenomation resulting in cytolysis in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with cytolysis in the bitten organism.


go_id: GO:0044650
term: adhesion of symbiont to host cell
ontology: BP
definition:
The attachment of a symbiont to a host cell via adhesion molecules, general stickiness etc., either directly or indirectly.


go_id: GO:0044651
term: adhesion of symbiont to host epithelial cell
ontology: BP
definition:
The attachment of a symbiont to a host epithelial cell via adhesion molecules, general stickiness etc., either directly or indirectly.


go_id: GO:0044652
term: adhesion of symbiont to host endothelial cell
ontology: BP
definition:
The attachment of a symbiont to a host endothelial cell via adhesion molecules, general stickiness etc., either directly or indirectly.


go_id: GO:0044655
term: phagosome reneutralization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that increases the pH of the phagosome, measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion, as part of the process of phagosome maturation.


go_id: GO:0044656
term: regulation of post-lysosomal vacuole size
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the volume of a post-lysosomal vacuole, a membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle formed late in the endocytic pathway when the pH in the vacuole becomes neutral prior to exocytosis.


go_id: GO:0044658
term: pore formation in membrane of host by symbiont
ontology: BP
definition:
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components by an organism to form a pore complex in a membrane of a host organism.


go_id: GO:0044659
term: viral release from host cell by cytolysis
ontology: BP
definition:
The killing by a virus of a cell by means of the rupture of cell membranes and the loss of cytoplasm.


go_id: GO:0044660
term: viral release by cytolysis via pore formation in host cell membrane
ontology: BP
definition:
The killing by a virus of a cell in its host organism by cytolysis, caused by the formation by the virus of pores in its host cell membrane.


go_id: GO:0044663
term: establishment or maintenance of cell type involved in phenotypic switching
ontology: BP
definition:
A cellular process of the specification, formation or maintenance of an alternative cell type, occurring as part of the process of phenotypic switching. Phenotypic switching begins with changes in cell morphology and altered gene expression patterns and ends when the morphology of a population of cells has reverted back to the default state, accompanied by altered expression patterns.


go_id: GO:0044665
term: MLL1/2 complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A protein complex that can methylate lysine-4 of histone H3, and which contains either of the protein subunits MLL1 or MLL2 in human, or equivalent in other species.


go_id: GO:0044666
term: MLL3/4 complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A protein complex that can methylate lysine-4 of histone H3, and which contains either of the protein subunits MLL3 or MLL4 in mammals, or equivalent in other species.


go_id: GO:0044667
term: (R)-carnitine:4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate antiporter activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: (R)-carnitine(out) + 4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate(in) = (R)-carnitine(in) + 4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate(out).


go_id: GO:0044668
term: sodium:malonate symporter activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: sodium(out)+ malonate(out) = sodium(in) + malonate(in).


go_id: GO:0044669
term: sodium:galactoside symporter activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: sodium(out)+ galactoside(out) = sodium(in) + galactoside(in).


go_id: GO:0044671
term: sorocarp spore cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a sorocarp spore cell, a cell of the sorocarp sorus. A sorocarp is the fruiting body characteristic of certain cellular slime moulds (e.g., Dictyosteliida) and consists of both stalk and a sorus (spore mass).


go_id: GO:0044672
term: acetyl-CoA decarbonylase/synthase-carbon monoxide dehydrogenase complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A multifunctional enzyme complex composed of five different polypeptides that catalyzes the decarbonylation of acetyl-CoA, cleaves the C-C and C-S bonds in the acetyl moiety of acetyl-CoA, oxidizes the carbonyl group to CO2 and transfers the methyl group to tetrahydrosarcinapterin. These reactions are important for methanogenesis.


go_id: GO:0044673
term: 7,8-didemethyl-8-hydroxy-5-deazariboflavin synthase complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A heterodimer which catalyses the reaction of 5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil and 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate to form 7,8-didemethyl-8-hydroxy-5-deazariboflavin (FO), an intermediate of coenzyme F420.


go_id: GO:0044674
term: methyl coenzyme M reductase complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A hexameric complex consisting of three polypeptides in an alpha2beta2gamma2 arrangement. Involved in the reduction of the coenzyme M-bound methyl group to methane, which is the final step in methanogenesis.


go_id: GO:0044675
term: formyl-methanofuran dehydrogenase (tungsten enzyme) complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A protein complex consisting of four polypeptides which also contains tungsten, a molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide, and iron-sulfur clusters. This protein complex catalyzes the reversible conversion of CO2 and methanofuran to formylmethanofuran during methanogenesis.


go_id: GO:0044676
term: formyl-methanofuran dehydrogenase (molybdenum enzyme) complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A protein complex consisting of three polypeptides which also contains molybdenum, a molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide and iron-sulfur clusters. This protein complex catalyzes the reversible conversion of CO2 and methanofuran to formylmethanofuran during methanogenesis.


go_id: GO:0044677
term: methyl-tetrahydromethanopterin:coenzyme M methyltransferase complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A protein complex consisted of eight polypeptides. This complex catalyzes the formation of methyl-coenzyme M and H4MPT from N5-methyl-H4MPT and CoM during methanogenesis.


go_id: GO:0044678
term: CoB-CoM heterodisulfide reductase complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A protein complex that in Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum is composed of six subunits, and in Methanosarcina barkeri contains is composed of either two subunits or nine subunits. Catalyzes the conversion of coenzyme B, coenzyme M, and methanophenazine to form N-{7-[(2-sulfoethyl)dithio]heptanoyl}-3-O-phospho-L-threonine and dihydromethanophenazine.


go_id: GO:0044679
term: methanophenazine reducing hydrogenase complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A protein complex which catalyzes the conversion of methanophenazine and hydrogen to form dihydromethanophenazine. This typically consists of three polypeptides.


go_id: GO:0044680
term: methylthiol:coenzyme M methyltransferase complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A protein complex of two polypeptides which catalyzes the transfer of methyl group from methylthiol to coenzyme M during methanogenesis.


go_id: GO:0044681
term: sulfopyruvate decarboxylase complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A complex of two polypeptides which form a dodecamer (A6B6). Catalyzes the decarboxylation of sulfopyruvic acid to sulfoacetaldehyde. This reaction is involved in coenzyme M biosynthesis.


go_id: GO:0044682
term: archaeal-specific GTP cyclohydrolase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O <=> 7,8-dihydro-D-neopterin 2',3'-cyclic phosphate + diphosphate +formate + H+. This activity is part of the biosynthesis of methanopterin in Archaea, and requires Fe2+.


go_id: GO:0044683
term: methylthiol:coenzyme M methyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the overall reaction: methyl-Co(III) methylated-thiol-specific corrinoid protein + coenzyme M = Co(I) methylated--thiol-specific corrinoid protein + methyl-CoM.


go_id: GO:0044684
term: dihydromethanopterin reductase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: 7,8-dihydromethanopterin + NADPH = 5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + NADP.


go_id: GO:0044685
term: tetrahydromethanopterin-dependent serine hydroxymethyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: tetrahydromethanopterin + L-serine = 5,10-methylenetetrahydromethanopterin + glycine + H2O.


go_id: GO:0044687
term: geranylfarnesyl diphosphate synthase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: geranylgeranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate = (2E,6E,10E,14E)-geranylfarnesyl diphosphate + diphosphate.


go_id: GO:0044688
term: 7,8-dihydro-D-neopterin 2',3'-cyclic phosphate phosphodiesterase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: 7,8-dihydro-D-neopterin 2',3'-cyclic phosphate + H2O = 7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-phosphate + H+.


go_id: GO:0044689
term: 7,8-didemethyl-8-hydroxy-5-deazariboflavin synthase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil + 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + H2O = 7,8-didemethyl-8-hydroxy-5-deazariboflavin + 2 5'-deoxyadenosine + 2 L-methionine + oxalate + ammonia + 4 H+.


go_id: GO:0044693
term: trehalose:proton symporter activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: trehalose(out) + H+(out) = trehalose(in) + H+(in).


go_id: GO:0044694
term: pore-mediated entry of viral genome into host cell
ontology: BP
definition:
Injection by a non-enveloped virus of the viral genome into the host cytoplasm through creation of a pore or channel in the host cell membrane(s). Usually mediated by a viral pore-forming peptide associated with the viral capsid or bacteriophage tail.


go_id: GO:0044695
term: Dsc E3 ubiquitin ligase complex
ontology: CC
definition:
An E3 ubiquitin ligase complex localized to the ER and Golgi membrane. In fission yeast comprises Dsc1, 2, 3 and 4. Involved in the processes of fission yeast sre1 (human SREBP) transcriptional activator proteolytic cleavage, the multivesicular body (MVB) pathway, and a post-endoplasmic reticulum pathway for protein catabolism.


go_id: GO:0044696
term: killing by virus of host cell by post-segregational killing
ontology: BP
definition:
The process by which a virus causes the death of daughter cells which do not contain its genes after host cell division, by a mechanism of post-segregational killing (PSK). The extrachromosomal viral DNA consist of two genes; the product of the second is long lived and toxic, while the product of the first is short lived and antagonizes the lethal action of the toxin. Daughter cells that do not contain the viral extrachromosomal element are killed by the long lived toxin, while daughter cells that do contain the viral extrachromosomal element are protected by the action of the short lived antitoxin it encodes.


go_id: GO:0044697
term: HICS complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A multisubunit complex involved in cytokinesis. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae this complex consists of Sho1p, Hof1p, Inn1p and Cyk3p proteins.


go_id: GO:0044703
term: multi-organism reproductive process
ontology: BP
definition:
A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals, involving another organism.


go_id: GO:0044706
term: multi-multicellular organism process
ontology: BP
definition:
A multicellular organism process which involves another multicellular organism of the same or different species.


go_id: GO:0044718
term: siderophore transmembrane transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of siderophores, low molecular weight Fe(III)-chelating substances, from one side of a membrane to the other, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0044721
term: protein import into peroxisome matrix, substrate release
ontology: BP
definition:
The process by which the cargo protein is released into the peroxisomal matrix, following translocation across the membrane.


go_id: GO:0044722
term: renal phosphate excretion
ontology: BP
definition:
The elimination of phosphate ions from peritubular capillaries (or surrounding hemolymph in invertebrates) into the renal tubules to be incorporated subsequently into the urine.


go_id: GO:0044725
term: chromatin reprogramming in the zygote
ontology: BP
definition:
The global reprogramming of epigenetic modifications in the zygote following fertilization. The paternal genome undergoes active DNA demethylation before the first cell division, while the adjacent maternal genome is protected from this process.


go_id: GO:0044727
term: DNA demethylation of male pronucleus
ontology: BP
definition:
The active DNA demethylation of the paternal genome that takes place before the first cell division.


go_id: GO:0044728
term: DNA methylation or demethylation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process of adding or removing a methyl group from one or more nucleotides within an DNA molecule.


go_id: GO:0044729
term: hemi-methylated DNA-binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Binding to double-stranded hemi-methylated DNA at replication foci (one strand methylated, while the other strand is unmethylated). Methylation of cytosine or adenine in DNA is an important mechanism for establishing stable heritable epigenetic marks.


go_id: GO:0044730
term: bone sialoprotein binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Binding to a bone sialoprotein, an extracellular matrix glycoprotein found on the surface of bones and dentin.


go_id: GO:0044731
term: Ost-alpha/Ost-beta complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A heterodimeric protein complex composed of Ost-alpha/SLC51A and Ost-beta/SLC51B subunits and involved in bile acid transport activity.


go_id: GO:0044732
term: mitotic spindle pole body
ontology: CC
definition:
The microtubule organizing center that forms as part of the mitotic cell cycle; functionally homologous to the animal cell centrosome.


go_id: GO:0044733
term: envenomation resulting in modulation of acid-sensing ion channel activity in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with a resultant change in the activity of an acid-sensing ion channel (ASIC) in the bitten organism.


go_id: GO:0044734
ontology: BP
term:
envenomation resulting in positive regulation of acid-sensing ion channel activity in another organism

definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with a resultant positive regulation in the activity of an acid-sensing ion channel (ASIC) in the bitten organism.


go_id: GO:0044735
ontology: BP
term:
envenomation resulting in negative regulation of acid-sensing ion channel activity in another organism

definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with a resultant negative regulation in the activity of an acid-sensing ion channel (ASIC) in the bitten organism.


go_id: GO:0044736
term: acid-sensing ion channel activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Enables the transmembrane transfer of a sodium ion by a neuronal, voltage-insensitive channel that opens when an extracellular proton has been bound by the channel complex.


go_id: GO:0044737
term: modulation of acid-sensing ion channel in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism effects a change in the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of an acid-sensing ion channel (ASIC) in another organism.


go_id: GO:0044738
term: negative regulation of acid-sensing ion channel in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism negatively regulates the activity of a voltage-gated sodium channel in another organism.


go_id: GO:0044739
term: positive regulation of acid-sensing ion channel in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism positively regulates the activity of a voltage-gated sodium channel in another organism.


go_id: GO:0044741
term: envenomation resulting in negative regulation of sensory perception of pain in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the inhibition of the sensory perception of pain in the bitten organism.


go_id: GO:0044742
term: envenomation resulting in modulation of sensory perception of pain in another organism
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the modulation of the sensory perception of pain in the bitten organism.


go_id: GO:0044747
term: pre-miRNA 3'-end processing
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process involved in forming distinct miRNA isoforms from a mature miRNA that differ at their 3'-ends.


go_id: GO:0044748
term: 3'-5'-exoribonuclease activity involved in mature miRNA 3'-end processing
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the sequential cleavage of mononucleotides from a free 3' terminus of an RNA molecule that contributes to forming distinct miRNA isoforms from a mature miRNA.


go_id: GO:0044750
term: high-affinity nickel cation transmembrane transporter activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the high-affinity transfer of nickel (Ni) cations from one side of a membrane to the other. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


go_id: GO:0044751
term: cellular response to human chorionic gonadotropin stimulus
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a human chorionic gonadotropin stimulus.


go_id: GO:0044752
term: response to human chorionic gonadotropin
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a human chorionic gonadotropin stimulus.


go_id: GO:0044753
term: amphisome
ontology: CC
definition:
Intermediate organelles formed during macroautophagy through the fusion between autophagosomes and endosomes.


go_id: GO:0044754
term: autolysosome
ontology: CC
definition:
A type of secondary lysosome in which a primary lysosome has fused with the outer membrane of an autophagosome. It is involved in the second step of autophagy in which it degrades contents with acidic lysosomal hydrolases.


go_id: GO:0044758
term: modulation by symbiont of host synaptic transmission
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which a symbiont organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic transmission, communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse, in its host organism.


go_id: GO:0044759
term: negative regulation by symbiont of host synaptic transmission
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which a symbiont organism decreases the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic transmission, communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse, in its host organism.


go_id: GO:0044760
term: modulation by symbiont of host cholinergic synaptic transmission
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which a symbiont organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cholinergic synaptic transmission, communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse via the neurotransmitter choline, in its host organism.


go_id: GO:0044761
term: negative regulation by symbiont of host cholinergic synaptic transmission
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which a symbiont organism negatively regulates cholinergic synaptic transmission, communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse via the neurotransmitter choline, in its host organism.


go_id: GO:0044762
term: negative regulation by symbiont of host neurotransmitter secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which a symbiont organism negatively regulates the regulated release of a neurotransmitter from a cell in its host organism.


go_id: GO:0044768
term: NMS complex assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an NMS complex. The NMS complex results from the association of two subcomplexes (known as MIND and Ndc80 in Schizosaccharomyces) and is required for kinetochore assembly.


go_id: GO:0044769
term: ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of ions, rotational mechanism
ontology: MF
definition:
Enables the transfer of ions from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + ion(in) = ADP + phosphate + ion(out), by a rotational mechanism.


go_id: GO:0044774
term: mitotic DNA integrity checkpoint signaling
ontology: BP
definition:
A signaling process that controls cell cycle progression in response to changes in DNA structure by monitoring the integrity of the DNA during mitosis. The DNA integrity checkpoint begins with detection of DNA damage, defects in DNA structure or DNA replication, and ends with signal transduction.


go_id: GO:0044775
term: DNA polymerase III, beta sliding clamp processivity factor complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A subcomplex of the DNA polymerase III holoenzyme which is responsible for tethering the catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase to DNA during high-speed replication. The complex is homodimeric in prokaryotes, and homotrimeric in other species.


go_id: GO:0044776
term: DNA polymerase III, core complex
ontology: CC
definition:
The DNA polymerase III core complex consists of the alpha,epsilon and theta subunits and is carries out the polymerase and the 3'-5' exonuclease proofreading activities.


go_id: GO:0044777
term: single-stranded DNA-binding protein complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A homotetrameric protein complex that is essential for DNA replication. It supercoils the single-stranded DNA preventing DNA duplexing before the polymerase holoenzyme passes and synthesizes the complementary strand. It is also involved in DNA recombination and repair.


go_id: GO:0044778
term: meiotic DNA integrity checkpoint signaling
ontology: BP
definition:
A signal transduction process that controls cell cycle progression in response to changes in DNA structure by monitoring the integrity of the DNA during meiosis. The DNA integrity checkpoint begins with detection of DNA damage, defects in DNA structure or DNA replication, and ends with signal transduction.


go_id: GO:0044779
term: meiotic spindle checkpoint signaling
ontology: BP
definition:
A signal transduction process that contributes to a cell cycle checkpoint that delays the metaphase/anaphase transition of a meiotic nuclear division until the spindle is correctly assembled and that the chromosomes are attached to the spindle.


go_id: GO:0044780
term: bacterial-type flagellum assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
The assembly of a bacterial-type flagellum, a motor complex composed of an extracellular helical protein filament coupled to a rotary motor embedded in the cell envelope which functions in cell motility.


go_id: GO:0044781
term: bacterial-type flagellum organization
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a bacterial-type flagellum, a motor complex composed of an extracellular helical protein filament coupled to a rotary motor embedded in the cell envelope which functions in cell motility.


go_id: GO:0044782
term: cilium organization
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cilium, a specialized eukaryotic organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface. Each cilium is bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored basally in a centriole.


go_id: GO:0044784
term: metaphase/anaphase transition of cell cycle
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle process in which a cell progresses from metaphase to anaphase as part of the cell cycle.


go_id: GO:0044787
term: bacterial-type DNA replication
ontology: BP
definition:
The DNA-dependent DNA replication, exemplified by prokaryotes, that occurs as part of the cell cycle. Prokaryotic DNA replication is bi-directional and originates at a single origin of replication on the circular genome.


go_id: GO:0044788
term: modulation by host of viral process
ontology: BP
definition:
A process in which a host organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any of a process being mediated by a virus with which it is infected.


go_id: GO:0044790
term: suppression of viral release by host
ontology: BP
definition:
A process in which a host organism stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the release of a virus with which it is infected, from its cells.


go_id: GO:0044793
term: negative regulation by host of viral process
ontology: BP
definition:
A process in which a host organism stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a process being mediated by a virus with which it is infected.


go_id: GO:0044794
term: positive regulation by host of viral process
ontology: BP
definition:
A process in which a host organism activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the release of a process being mediated by a virus with which it is infected.


go_id: GO:0044795
term: trans-Golgi network to recycling endosome transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of substances, in membrane-bounded vesicles, from the trans-Golgi network to the recycling endosomes.


go_id: GO:0044796
term: DNA polymerase processivity factor complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A protein complex which is capable of increasing the processivity of nucleotide polymerization by DNA polymerase as a part of DNA replication.


go_id: GO:0044799
term: NarGHI complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A heterotrimeric protein complex with iron-sulfur and molybdenum cofactors that functions as a terminal reductase in electron transport pathways that operate during anaerobic nitrate respiration. In E. coli electrons are passed from the FdnGHI complex to the NarGHI complex via menoquinone and menaquinol. Within NarGHI, electrons are passed from the two heme molecules in the NarI subunit down a Fe-S cluster chain in the NarH and NarG subunits to the Molybdenum cofactor, Mo-bisMGD, in the NarG subunit.


go_id: GO:0044804
term: autophagy of nucleus
ontology: BP
definition:
A form of autophagy, by which damaged or non-essential parts of the nucleus, or even an entire nucleus is degraded.


go_id: GO:0044805
term: late nucleophagy
ontology: BP
definition:
A type of nucleophagy, distinct from piecemeal microautophagy of the nucleus (PNM) where the nuclear material is delivered to the vacuole/lysosome for breakdown and recycling later than observed for PNM.


go_id: GO:0044806
term: G-quadruplex DNA unwinding
ontology: BP
definition:
The process by which G-quadruplex (also known as G4) DNA, which is a four-stranded DNA structure held together by guanine base pairing, is unwound or 'melted'.


go_id: GO:0044807
term: macrophage migration inhibitory factor production
ontology: BP
definition:
The appearance of macrophage migration inhibitory factor due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


go_id: GO:0044808
term: oncostatin M production
ontology: BP
definition:
The appearance of oncostatin M due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


go_id: GO:0044809
term: chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 17 production
ontology: BP
definition:
The appearance of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 17 (CCL17) due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


go_id: GO:0044813
term: glycolytic fermentation via PFOR pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
The glycolytic fermentation beginning with the anaerobic conversion of glucose to pyruvate by the glycolytic pathway, continuing with pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR) activity. This pathway is found in strict anaerobes such as Clostridia species.


go_id: GO:0044814
term: glycolytic fermentation via PFL pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
The glycolytic fermentation beginning with the anaerobic conversion of glucose to pyruvate by the glycolytic pathway, followed by pyruvate:formate lyase (PFL) activity. This pathway is found in facultative anaerobes such as E. coli.


go_id: GO:0044816
term: Nsk1-Dlc1 complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A dimer of Nsk1 (nucleolus spindle kinetochore 1) and the dynein light chain, Dlc1. The dimers form an oligomeric chain structure. Functions in the regulation of kinetochore-microtubule interactions and chromosome segregation.


go_id: GO:0044817
term: hydrogen generation via biophotolysis
ontology: BP
definition:
The production of hydrogen which results from the dissociation by light of water into molecular hydrogen and oxygen. This process is observed in cyanobacteria and microalgae.


go_id: GO:0044818
term: mitotic G2/M transition checkpoint
ontology: BP
definition:
A cell cycle checkpoint that detects and negatively regulates progression from G2 to M phase as part of a mitotic cell cycle.


go_id: GO:0044819
term: mitotic G1/S transition checkpoint signaling
ontology: BP
definition:
A cell cycle checkpoint that detects and negatively regulates progression from G1 to S phase as part of a mitotic cell cycle.


go_id: GO:0044820
term: mitotic telomere tethering at nuclear periphery
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a telomere is maintained in a specific location at the nuclear periphery, as part of a mitotic cell cycle.


go_id: GO:0044821
term: meiotic telomere tethering at nuclear periphery
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a telomere is maintained in a specific location at the nuclear periphery, as part of a meiotic cell cycle.


go_id: GO:0044823
term: retroviral integrase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the covalent insertion of double-stranded retroviral DNA into host DNA. Proceeds by an endonucleolytic cleavage at each 3'-OH extremity of the viral genome, named 3'-processing, followed by a strand transfer reaction leading to the insertion of the processed viral DNA into the target DNA by a trans-esterification mechanism.


go_id: GO:0044824
term: retroviral 3' processing activity
ontology: MF
definition:
The catalysis of the removal of two di- or tri-nucleotides from each 3' end of double-stranded viral DNA, exposing recessed 3' hydroxyls.


go_id: GO:0044826
term: viral genome integration into host DNA
ontology: BP
definition:
The insertion into a host genome of viral DNA, usually by the action of an integrase enzyme. Once integrated, the provirus persists in the host cell and serves as a template for the transcription of viral genes and replication of the viral genome, leading to the production of new viruses.


go_id: GO:0044827
term: modulation by host of viral genome replication
ontology: BP
definition:
A process in which a host organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of viral genome replication.


go_id: GO:0044828
term: negative regulation by host of viral genome replication
ontology: BP
definition:
A process in which a host organism stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of viral genome replication.


go_id: GO:0044829
term: positive regulation by host of viral genome replication
ontology: BP
definition:
A process in which a host organism activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of  viral genome replication.


go_id: GO:0044830
term: modulation by host of viral RNA genome replication
ontology: BP
definition:
A process in which a host organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of viral RNA genome replication.


go_id: GO:0044831
term: modulation by virus of host cytokine production
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which a virus modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cytokine production in its host organism.


go_id: GO:0044832
term: induction by virus of host cytokine production
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a virus increases the frequency, rate or extent of cytokine production in its host organism.


go_id: GO:0044833
term: modulation by virus of host protein transport
ontology: BP
definition:
Any viral process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein transport in its host organism.


go_id: GO:0044834
term: retroviral intasome
ontology: CC
definition:
A tetramer of retroviral integrase subunits tightly associated with a pair of viral DNA ends. Functions to insert viral DNA into a host cell chromosome.


go_id: GO:0044835
term: hydrogen generation via nitrogenase
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of H2 (dihydrogen) which involve a nitrogenase activity as one of the steps. This process is observed in cyanobacteria.


go_id: GO:0044837
term: actomyosin contractile ring organization
ontology: BP
definition:
A process which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an actomyosin contractile ring.


go_id: GO:0044838
term: cell quiescence
ontology: BP
definition:
A specialized resting state that cells enter in response to cues from the cell's environment. Quiescence is characterized by the absence of cell growth and division, by a reprogramming of global gene expression, and by changes characteristic of the organism and specific cell type. Depending on external conditions, quiescence may persist until cell death or cells may resume cell growth and division. In some cell types or under certain conditions, cellular metabolism may proceed.


go_id: GO:0044840
term: gut granule
ontology: CC
definition:
A lysosome-related organelle contained within the intestinal cells of the nematode C. elegans. Gut granules are acidified, birefringent, autofluorescent, and contain the vacuolar H+-ATPase. They also serve as sites of cellular zinc storage.


go_id: GO:0044841
term: gut granule membrane
ontology: CC
definition:
The membrane of a gut granule, a lysosome-related organelle contained within the intestinal cells of the nematode C. elegans.


go_id: GO:0044842
term: gut granule lumen
ontology: CC
definition:
The lumen of a gut granule, a lysosome-related organelle contained within the intestinal cells of the nematode C. elegans.


go_id: GO:0044844
term: meiotic interphase II
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle phase which begins at the end of meiosis I cytokinesis and ends when meiosis II prophase begins. During meiotic interphase II no DNA replication takes place, but the centrioles duplicate and spindle fibres emerge.


go_id: GO:0044845
term: chain elongation of O-linked mannose residue
ontology: BP
definition:
Extension of the O-linked mannose residue of a mannoprotein by the stepwise addition of further mannose molecules.


go_id: GO:0044846
term: negative regulation by symbiont of indole acetic acid levels in host
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism reduces the indole acetic acid levels in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0044847
term: iron acquisition from host
ontology: BP
definition:
The process by which a symbiont acquires iron from its host, either from heme or other iron containing molecules such as transferrin and lactoferrin. Begins with either the secretion of symbiont gene products that bind iron- or heme-containing molecules (siderophores and hemophores) from the symbiont cell into the host, or by expression of receptors that bind iron- or heme-containing molecules on the symbiont cell surface. Ends when the iron-containing compound is transported into the symbiont cell.


go_id: GO:0044849
term: estrous cycle
ontology: BP
definition:
A type of ovulation cycle, which occurs in most mammalian therian females, where the endometrium is resorbed if pregnancy does not occur.


go_id: GO:0044851
term: hair cycle phase
ontology: BP
definition:
The cyclical periods of growth (anagen), regression (catagen), quiescence (telogen), and shedding (exogen) in the life of a hair; one of the collection or mass of filaments growing from the skin of an animal, and forming a covering for a part of the head or for any part or the whole of the body.


go_id: GO:0044854
term: plasma membrane raft assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a plasma membrane raft.


go_id: GO:0044856
term: plasma membrane raft localization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which plasma membrane rafts are transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.


go_id: GO:0044857
term: plasma membrane raft organization
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of plasma membrane rafts.


go_id: GO:0044858
term: plasma membrane raft polarization
ontology: BP
definition:
The clustering and aggregation of a plasma membrane into domains. This serves as a mechanism to compartmentalize cellular activities and to establish cell polarity.


go_id: GO:0044860
term: protein localization to plasma membrane raft
ontology: BP
definition:
A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a plasma membrane raft.


go_id: GO:0044863
term: modulation by virus of host cell division
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process where an infecting virus modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the physical partitioning and separation of its host's cell into daughter cells.


go_id: GO:0044864
term: positive regulation by virus of host cell division
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process where an infecting virus activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of its host's cell division.


go_id: GO:0044865
term: negative regulation by virus of host cell division
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process where an infecting virus stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of its host's cell division.


go_id: GO:0044866
term: modulation by host of viral exo-alpha-sialidase activity
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a host organism effects a change in viral exo-alpha-sialidase activity, the catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a protein.


go_id: GO:0044867
term: modulation by host of viral catalytic activity
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a host organism effects a change in the enzyme activity of a virus with which it is infected.


go_id: GO:0044868
term: modulation by host of viral molecular function
ontology: BP
definition:
A process in which a host organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any molecular function being mediated by a virus with which it is infected.


go_id: GO:0044869
term: negative regulation by host of viral exo-alpha-sialidase activity
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a host organism decreases viral exo-alpha-sialidase activity, the catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a protein.


go_id: GO:0044870
term: modulation by host of viral glycoprotein metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
A process in which a host organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of viral glycoprotein metabolic process.


go_id: GO:0044871
term: negative regulation by host of viral glycoprotein metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
A process in which a host organism stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of viral glycoprotein metabolic process.


go_id: GO:0044873
term: lipoprotein localization to membrane
ontology: BP
definition:
A process in which a lipoprotein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location in a membrane.


go_id: GO:0044874
term: lipoprotein localization to outer membrane
ontology: BP
definition:
A process in which a lipoprotein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location in an outer membrane.


go_id: GO:0044875
term: gamma-glutamyl hercynylcysteine sulfoxide synthase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: gamma-glutamyl cysteine + hercynine + O2 <=> gamma-glutamyl-hercynyl cysteine sulfoxide + H2O.


go_id: GO:0044876
term: hercynylselenocysteine synthase
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 L-selenocysteine + 2 hercynine + O2 <=> 2 H2O + 2 hercynylselenocysteine.


go_id: GO:0044878
term: mitotic cytokinesis checkpoint signaling
ontology: BP
definition:
A signaling process that contributes to a mitotic cell cycle checkpoint that detects a defect in cytokinesis and prevents further rounds of nuclear division until cytokinesis is completed.


go_id: GO:0044879
term: mitotic morphogenesis checkpoint signaling
ontology: BP
definition:
A signaling process that contributes to a mitotic cell cycle checkpoint which delays mitotic onset in response to perturbations that affect cell shape via the actin cytoskeleton, septin organization, small cell size, and/or the extent of membrane growth.


go_id: GO:0045002
term: double-strand break repair via single-strand annealing
ontology: BP
definition:
Repair of a DSB made between two repeated sequences oriented in the same direction occurs primarily by the single strand annealing pathway. The ends of the break are processed by a 5' to 3' exonuclease, exposing complementary single-strand regions of the direct repeats that can anneal, resulting in a deletion of the unique DNA between the direct repeats.


go_id: GO:0045003
term: double-strand break repair via synthesis-dependent strand annealing
ontology: BP
definition:
SDSA is a major mechanism of double-strand break repair in mitosis which allows for the error-free repair of a double-strand break without the exchange of adjacent sequences. The broken DNA searches for and base pairs with a homologous region in an intact chromosome. DNA synthesis initiates from the 3' end of the invading DNA strand, using the intact chromosome as the template. Newly synthesized DNA is then displaced from the template and anneal with its complement on the other side of the double-strand break.


go_id: GO:0045005
term: DNA-templated DNA replication maintenance of fidelity
ontology: BP
definition:
A DNA metabolic process that prevents or corrects errors to ensure that DNA is replicated accurately. Errors can be corrected either by intrinsic DNA polymerase proofreading activity or via mismatch repair.


go_id: GO:0045006
term: DNA deamination
ontology: BP
definition:
The removal of an amino group from a nucleotide base in DNA. An example is the deamination of cytosine to produce uracil.


go_id: GO:0045007
term: depurination
ontology: BP
definition:
The disruption of the bond between the sugar in the backbone and the A or G base, causing the base to be removed and leaving a depurinated sugar.


go_id: GO:0045008
term: depyrimidination
ontology: BP
definition:
The disruption of the bond between the sugar in the backbone and the C or T base, causing the base to be removed and leaving a depyrimidinated sugar.


go_id: GO:0045009
term: chitosome
ontology: CC
definition:
An intracellular membrane-bounded particle found in fungi and containing chitin synthase; it synthesizes chitin microfibrils. Chitin synthase activity exists in chitosomes and they are proposed to act as a reservoir for regulated transport of chitin synthase enzymes to the division septum.


go_id: GO:0045010
term: actin nucleation
ontology: BP
definition:
The initial step in the formation of an actin filament, in which actin monomers combine to form a new filament. Nucleation is slow relative to the subsequent addition of more monomers to extend the filament.


go_id: GO:0045013
term: carbon catabolite repression of transcription
ontology: BP
definition:
A transcription regulation process in which the presence of one carbon source leads to a decrease in the frequency, rate, or extent of transcription of specific genes involved in the metabolism of other carbon sources. Carbon catabolite repression is a mechanism of genetic regulation which the accumulation of catabolites of one substance in the cell represses the formation of enzymes that contribute to the catabolism of other substances.


go_id: GO:0045014
term: carbon catabolite repression of transcription by glucose
ontology: BP
definition:
A transcription regulation process in which the presence of glucose leads to a decrease in the frequency, rate, or extent of transcription of specific genes involved in the metabolism of other carbon sources. Carbon catabolite repression is a mechanism of genetic regulation which the accumulation of catabolites of one substance in the cell represses the formation of enzymes that contribute to the catabolism of other substances.


go_id: GO:0045015
term: HDEL sequence binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Binding to a HDEL sequence, the C terminus tetrapeptide sequence His-Asp-Glu-Leu found in proteins that are to be retained in the endoplasmic reticulum.


go_id: GO:0045016
term: mitochondrial magnesium ion transmembrane transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a magnesium ion (Mg2+) is transported across a mitochondrial membrane, into or out of the mitochondrion.


go_id: GO:0045017
term: glycerolipid biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycerolipids, any lipid with a glycerol backbone.


go_id: GO:0045018
term: retrograde transport, vacuole to Golgi
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of substances from the vacuole to the trans-Golgi network; this occurs in yeast via the prevacuolar/endosomal compartment.


go_id: GO:0045019
term: negative regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nitric oxide.


go_id: GO:0045022
term: early endosome to late endosome transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of substances, in membrane-bounded vesicles, from the early sorting endosomes to the late sorting endosomes; transport occurs along microtubules and can be experimentally blocked with microtubule-depolymerizing drugs.


go_id: GO:0045023
term: G0 to G1 transition
ontology: BP
definition:
The mitotic cell cycle phase transition whose occurrence commits the cell from the G0 quiescent state to the G1 phase. Under certain conditions, cells exit the cell cycle during G1 and remain in the G0 state as nongrowing, non-dividing (quiescent) cells. Appropriate stimulation of such cells induces them to return to G1 and resume growth and division. The G0 to G1 transition is accompanied by many changes in the program of gene expression.


go_id: GO:0045025
term: mitochondrial degradosome
ontology: CC
definition:
A mitochondrial protein complex with 3' to 5' exoribonuclease activity that participates in intron-independent turnover and processing of mitochondrial transcripts. In humans, the mitochondrial degradosome is a pentameric complex, and in yeast it exists as a heterodimer.


go_id: GO:0045026
term: plasma membrane fusion
ontology: BP
definition:
The joining of the lipid bilayer membrane that surround a cell with that of another cell, producing a single cell.


go_id: GO:0045028
term: G protein-coupled purinergic nucleotide receptor activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Combining with a purine nucleotide and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.


go_id: GO:0045029
term: G protein-coupled UDP receptor activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Combining with a nucleotide and transmitting the signal to a heterotrimeric G-protein complex to initiate a change in cell activity, activated by UDP.


go_id: GO:0045030
term: G protein-coupled UTP receptor activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Combining with a nucleotide and transmitting the signal to a heterotrimeric G-protein complex to initiate a change in cell activity, activated by UTP.


go_id: GO:0045031
term: G protein-coupled ATP receptor activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Combining with ATP and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.


go_id: GO:0045033
term: peroxisome inheritance
ontology: BP
definition:
The acquisition of peroxisomes by daughter cells from the mother cell after replication. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the number of peroxisomes cells is fairly constant; a subset of the organelles are targeted and segregated to the bud in a highly ordered, vectorial process. Efficient segregation of peroxisomes from mother to bud is dependent on the actin cytoskeleton, and active movement of peroxisomes along actin filaments is driven by the class V myosin motor protein, Myo2p.


go_id: GO:0045035
term: sensory organ precursor cell division
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of four asymmetric divisions undergone by the sensory organ precursor cells to generate cells that have distinct cell fates. For example, in the external sensory organ, the precursor cells give rise to one multidendritic neuron and four additional cells (the socket, shaft, sheath cells and the external sense neuron).


go_id: GO:0045036
term: protein targeting to chloroplast
ontology: BP
definition:
The process of directing proteins towards the chloroplast, usually using signals contained within the protein. Imported proteins are synthesized as cytosolic precursors containing N-terminal uptake-targeting sequences that direct each protein to its correct subcompartment and are subsequently cleaved.


go_id: GO:0045037
term: protein import into chloroplast stroma
ontology: BP
definition:
The targeting and import of proteins into the chloroplast stroma. Import depends on ATP hydrolysis catalyzed by stromal chaperones. Chloroplast stromal proteins, such as the S subunit of rubisco, have a N-terminal stromal-import sequence of about 44 amino acids which is cleaved from the protein precursor after import.


go_id: GO:0045038
term: protein import into chloroplast thylakoid membrane
ontology: BP
definition:
The import of proteins into the chloroplast thylakoid membranes. Proteins that are destined for the thylakoid lumen require two uptake-targeting sequences: the first targets the protein to the stroma, and the second targets the protein from the stroma to the thylakoid lumen. Four separate thylakoid-import systems deal with the proteins once they are in the stroma.


go_id: GO:0045039
term: protein insertion into mitochondrial inner membrane
ontology: BP
definition:
The processes mediating the insertion of proteins into the mitochondrial inner membrane. Mitochondrial inner membrane proteins can get inserted from the cytosol, by crossing the outer membrane and being guided by an inner membrane translocase complex into their final destination in the inner membrane. Some proteins present in the intermembrane space can get inserted into the inner mitochondrial membrane. Finally, some proteins are inserted into the inner membrane from the matrix side of the membrane.


go_id: GO:0045040
term: protein insertion into mitochondrial outer membrane
ontology: BP
definition:
The process comprising the insertion of proteins from outside the organelle into the mitochondrial outer membrane, mediated by large outer membrane translocase complexes.


go_id: GO:0045046
term: protein import into peroxisome membrane
ontology: BP
definition:
The targeting of proteins into the peroxisomal membrane. The process is not well understood, but both signals and mechanism differ from those involved in peroxisomal matrix protein import.


go_id: GO:0045047
term: protein targeting to ER
ontology: BP
definition:
The process of directing proteins towards the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) using signals contained within the protein. One common mechanism uses a 16- to 30-residue signal sequence, typically located at the N-terminus of the protein and containing positively charged amino acids followed by a continuous stretch of hydrophobic residues, which directs the ribosome to the ER membrane and initiates transport of the growing polypeptide across the ER membrane.


go_id: GO:0045048
term: protein insertion into ER membrane
ontology: BP
definition:
The process that results in incorporation of a protein into an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. It depends on specific topogenic sequences of amino acids that ensure that a protein acquires the proper orientation during its insertion into the ER membrane.


go_id: GO:0045049
term: protein insertion into ER membrane by N-terminal cleaved signal sequence
ontology: BP
definition:
A process of protein insertion into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane in which N-terminal cleaved signal sequences direct polypeptides to the ER.


go_id: GO:0045050
term: protein insertion into ER membrane by stop-transfer membrane-anchor sequence
ontology: BP
definition:
A process of protein insertion into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane in which stop-transfer membrane-anchor sequences become an ER membrane spanning helix.


go_id: GO:0045051
term: protein insertion into ER membrane by internal uncleaved signal-anchor sequence
ontology: BP
definition:
A process of protein insertion into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane in which signal anchor sequences function as both ER signal sequences and membrane anchor sequences.


go_id: GO:0045052
term: protein insertion into ER membrane by GPI attachment sequence
ontology: BP
definition:
A process of protein insertion into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane in which proteins become anchored to the phospholipid bilayer by a covalently attached glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) molecule.


go_id: GO:0045053
term: protein retention in Golgi apparatus
ontology: BP
definition:
The retention of proteins within the Golgi apparatus. Golgi-localized carbohydrate-modifying enzymes have a short N-terminal domain that faces the cytosol, a single transmembrane alpha helix, and a large C-terminal domain that faces the Golgi lumen and that contains the catalytic site. How the membrane-spanning alpha helix in a Golgi enzyme causes its localization and prevents its movement to the plasma membrane is not known.


go_id: GO:0045054
term: constitutive secretory pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
A process of exocytosis found in all eukaryotic cells, in which transport vesicles destined for the plasma membrane leave the trans-Golgi network in a steady stream. Upon exocytosis, the membrane proteins and lipids in these vesicles provide new components for the plasma membrane, and the soluble proteins inside the vesicles are released into the extracellular space.


go_id: GO:0045055
term: regulated exocytosis
ontology: BP
definition:
A process of exocytosis in which soluble proteins and other substances are initially stored in secretory vesicles for later release. It is found mainly in cells that are specialized for secreting products such as hormones, neurotransmitters, or digestive enzymes rapidly on demand.


go_id: GO:0045056
term: transcytosis
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of endocytosed material through the cell and its exocytosis from the plasma membrane at the opposite side.


go_id: GO:0045057
term: cisternal progression
ontology: BP
definition:
The process that results in the physical movement of a new cis-Golgi stack from the cis-position, nearest the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), to the trans position, farthest from the ER, successively becoming first a medial-Golgi cisterna and then a trans-Golgi cisterna.


go_id: GO:0045058
term: T cell selection
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which T cells that express T cell receptors that are restricted by self MHC protein complexes and tolerant to self antigens are selected for further maturation.


go_id: GO:0045059
term: positive thymic T cell selection
ontology: BP
definition:
The process of sparing immature T cells in the thymus which react with self-MHC protein complexes with low affinity levels from apoptotic death.


go_id: GO:0045060
term: negative thymic T cell selection
ontology: BP
definition:
The process of elimination of immature T cells in the thymus which react strongly with self-antigens.


go_id: GO:0045062
term: extrathymic T cell selection
ontology: BP
definition:
The process of T cell selection that occurs in extrathymic locations, often resulting T cells of distinct specificities from those selected in the thymus.


go_id: GO:0045063
term: T-helper 1 cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a relatively unspecialized T cell acquires the specialized features of a T-helper 1 (Th1) cell. A Th1 cell is a CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has the phenotype T-bet-positive and produces interferon-gamma.


go_id: GO:0045064
term: T-helper 2 cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a relatively unspecialized T cell acquires specialized features of a T-helper 2 (Th2) cell. A Th2 cell is a CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has the phenotype GATA-3-positive and produces interleukin-4.


go_id: GO:0045065
term: cytotoxic T cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a relatively unspecialized T cell acquires specialized features of a cytotoxic T cell.


go_id: GO:0045066
term: regulatory T cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a relatively unspecialized T cell acquires specialized features of a regulatory T cell. Regulatory T cells control or suppress immune responses through a variety of mechanisms and subsets include the CD4+CD25+ cell type as well as certain CD8+ cell types.


go_id: GO:0045067
term: positive extrathymic T cell selection
ontology: BP
definition:
The process of sparing extrathymically maturing T cells which react with self-MHC protein complexes with low affinity levels from apoptotic death.


go_id: GO:0045068
term: negative extrathymic T cell selection
ontology: BP
definition:
The process of elimination of extrathymically maturing T cells which react strongly with self-antigens.


go_id: GO:0045071
term: negative regulation of viral genome replication
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of viral genome replication.


go_id: GO:0045087
term: innate immune response
ontology: BP
definition:
Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens.


go_id: GO:0045088
term: regulation of innate immune response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response, the organism's first line of defense against infection.


go_id: GO:0045089
term: positive regulation of innate immune response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response, the organism's first line of defense against infection.


go_id: GO:0045091
term: regulation of single stranded viral RNA replication via double stranded DNA intermediate
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of single stranded viral RNA replication via double stranded DNA intermediate.


go_id: GO:0045095
term: keratin filament
ontology: CC
definition:
A filament composed of acidic and basic keratins (types I and II), typically expressed in epithelial cells. The keratins are the most diverse classes of IF proteins, with a large number of keratin isoforms being expressed. Each type of epithelium always expresses a characteristic combination of type I and type II keratins.


go_id: GO:0045098
term: type III intermediate filament
ontology: CC
definition:
A type of intermediate filament, typically made up of one or more of the proteins vimentin, desmin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and peripherin. Unlike the keratins, the type III proteins can form both homo- and heteropolymeric IF filaments.


go_id: GO:0045103
term: intermediate filament-based process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the intermediate filament cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising intermediate filaments and their associated proteins.


go_id: GO:0045104
term: intermediate filament cytoskeleton organization
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising intermediate filaments and their associated proteins.


go_id: GO:0045105
term: intermediate filament polymerization or depolymerization
ontology: BP
definition:
Assembly or disassembly of intermediate filaments by the addition or removal of component parts from a filament.


go_id: GO:0045107
term: intermediate filament polymerization
ontology: BP
definition:
Assembly of intermediate filaments by the addition of component monomers to a filament. Polymerization of intermediate filament proteins results from interactions among several distinct binding sites on the constituent proteins. Nuclear lamin head-to-tail polymers arise from one such interaction. Deletion analysis localized the binding sites to the ends of the rod domain that are highly conserved among all intermediate filament proteins. Data indicate that one type of interaction in intermediate filament protein polymerization is the longitudinal binding of dimers via the conserved end segments of the coiled-coil rod domain.


go_id: GO:0045108
term: regulation of intermediate filament polymerization or depolymerization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly or disassembly of intermediate filaments by the addition or removal of monomers from a filament; this usually occurs through the opposing action of kinases and phosphatases.


go_id: GO:0045109
term: intermediate filament organization
ontology: BP
definition:
Control of the spatial distribution of intermediate filaments; includes organizing filaments into meshworks, bundles, or other structures, as by cross-linking.


go_id: GO:0045110
term: intermediate filament bundle assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
The formation of the bundles of intermediate filaments. Intermediate filament-associated proteins (IFAPs) cross-link intermediate filaments with one another, forming a bundle or a network, and with other cell structures, including the plasma membrane. The organization of intermediate filaments and their supportive function in various cells types depends in large part on their linkage to other cell structures via IFAPs.


go_id: GO:0045111
term: intermediate filament cytoskeleton
ontology: CC
definition:
Cytoskeletal structure made from intermediate filaments, typically organized in the cytosol as an extended system that stretches from the nuclear envelope to the plasma membrane. Some intermediate filaments run parallel to the cell surface, while others traverse the cytosol; together they form an internal framework that helps support the shape and resilience of the cell.


go_id: GO:0045112
term: integrin biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of integrins, a large family of transmembrane proteins that act as receptors for cell-adhesion molecules.


go_id: GO:0045113
term: regulation of integrin biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of integrins.


go_id: GO:0045114
term: beta 2 integrin biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta 2 integrins, a subfamily of integrins which contain the beta 2 subunit.


go_id: GO:0045115
term: regulation of beta 2 integrin biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta 2 integrins.


go_id: GO:0045117
term: azole transmembrane transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of azoles, heterocyclic compounds found in many biologically important substances, across a lipid bilayer, across a membrane.


go_id: GO:0045119
term: azole:proton antiporter activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: H+(out) + azole(in) = H+(in) + azole(out). Azoles are heterocyclic compounds found in many biologically important substances.


go_id: GO:0045120
term: pronucleus
ontology: CC
definition:
The nucleus of either the ovum or the spermatozoon following fertilization. Thus, in the fertilized ovum, there are two pronuclei, one originating from the ovum, the other from the spermatozoon that brought about fertilization; they approach each other, but do not fuse until just before the first cleavage, when each pronucleus loses its membrane to release its contents.


go_id: GO:0045121
term: membrane raft
ontology: CC
definition:
Any of the small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes. Small rafts can sometimes be stabilized to form larger platforms through protein-protein and protein-lipid interactions.


go_id: GO:0045122
term: aflatoxin biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aflatoxin, a fungal metabolite found as a contaminant in moldy grains that induces liver cancer. Aflatoxin induces a G to T transversion at codon 249 of p53, leading to its inactivation. Aflatoxin is converted to a chemical carcinogen by P450.


go_id: GO:0045125
term: bioactive lipid receptor activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Combining with a bioactive lipid and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex. A bioactive lipid is a lipid for which changes in lipid levels result in functional consequences in a variety of cellular processes.


go_id: GO:0045127
term: N-acetylglucosamine kinase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + ATP = N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + ADP + 2 H(+).


go_id: GO:0045128
term: negative regulation of reciprocal meiotic recombination
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of recombination during meiosis. Reciprocal meiotic recombination is the cell cycle process in which double strand breaks are formed and repaired through a double Holliday junction intermediate.


go_id: GO:0045129
term: NAD-independent histone deacetylase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: histone N6-acetyl-L-lysine + H2O = histone L-lysine + acetate. This reaction does not require the presence of NAD, and represents the removal of an acetyl group from a histone.


go_id: GO:0045130
term: keratan sulfotransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate + keratan = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + keratan 6'-sulfate.


go_id: GO:0045132
term: meiotic chromosome segregation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized into specific structures and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets during M phase of the meiotic cell cycle.


go_id: GO:0045133
term: 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate 3,4-dioxygenase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate + O(2) = 2-hydroxy-3-(3-oxoprop-1-enyl)but-2-enedioate + H(+).


go_id: GO:0045135
term: poly(beta-D-mannuronate) lyase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: polysaccharides containing beta-D-mannuronate residues = oligosaccharides with 4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl end. This reaction is the eliminative cleavage of polysaccharides containing beta-D-mannuronate residues to give oligosaccharides with 4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl groups at their ends.


go_id: GO:0045136
term: development of secondary sexual characteristics
ontology: BP
definition:
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the secondary sexual characteristics over time, from their formation to the mature structures. In humans, these include growth of axillary, chest, and pubic hair, voice changes, testicular/penile enlargement, breast development and menstrual periods. Development occurs in response to sex hormone secretion.


go_id: GO:0045137
term: development of primary sexual characteristics
ontology: BP
definition:
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the primary sexual characteristics over time, from their formation to the mature structures. The primary sexual characteristics are the testes in males and the ovaries in females and they develop in response to sex hormone secretion.


go_id: GO:0045138
term: nematode male tail tip morphogenesis
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which the anatomical structure of the adult male tail tip is generated and organized. In some species of rhabitid nematodes, the male tail tip undergoes a morphological change such that the most posterior hypodermal cells in the tail (hyp8-11 in C. elegans) fuse and retract anteriorly, changing the shape of the tail from a pointed, tapered cone, or spike, to a rounded, blunt dome.


go_id: GO:0045140
term: inositol phosphoceramide synthase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: phytoceramide + inositol phosphate = inositol phosphoceramide + diacylglycerol.


go_id: GO:0045141
term: meiotic telomere clustering
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle process in which the dynamic reorganization of telomeres occurs in early meiotic prophase, during which meiotic chromosome ends are gathered in a bouquet arrangement at the inner surface of the nuclear envelope proximal to the spindle pole body. This plays an important role in progression through meiosis and precedes synapsis.


go_id: GO:0045142
term: triplex DNA binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Binding to a DNA triple helix. The formation of triple helical DNA has been evoked in several cellular processes including transcription, replication, and recombination.


go_id: GO:0045143
term: homologous chromosome segregation
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle process in which replicated homologous chromosomes are organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two sets during the first division of the meiotic cell cycle. Each replicated chromosome, composed of two sister chromatids, aligns at the cell equator, paired with its homologous partner; this pairing off, referred to as synapsis, permits genetic recombination. One homolog (both sister chromatids) of each morphologic type goes into each of the resulting chromosome sets.


go_id: GO:0045144
term: meiotic sister chromatid segregation
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle process in which sister chromatids are organized and then physically separated and randomly apportioned to two sets during the second division of the meiotic cell cycle.


go_id: GO:0045145
term: single-stranded DNA 5'-3' exodeoxyribonuclease activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the sequential cleavage of nucleotides (such as mononucleotides or dinucleotides) from a free 5' terminus of a single-stranded DNA molecule.


go_id: GO:0045146
term: initiation of acetate catabolic process by acetate
ontology: BP
definition:
The activation, by acetate, of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetate.


go_id: GO:0045147
term: regulation of initiation of acetate catabolic process by acetate
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the activation, by acetate, of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetate.


go_id: GO:0045149
term: acetoin metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving acetoin, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone, often as part of a fermentation pathway or for use as a carbon source.


go_id: GO:0045152
term: antisigma factor binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Binding to an antisigma factor, a factor which inhibits the ability of the sigma factor to function as a transcriptional initiator.


go_id: GO:0045156
ontology: MF
term:
electron transporter, transferring electrons within the cyclic electron transport pathway of photosynthesis activity

definition:
Enables the directed movement of electrons within the cyclic electron transport pathway of photosynthesis.


go_id: GO:0045157
ontology: MF
term:
electron transporter, transferring electrons within the noncyclic electron transport pathway of photosynthesis activity

definition:
Enables the directed movement of electrons within the noncyclic electron transport pathway of photosynthesis.


go_id: GO:0045158
ontology: MF
definition: Enables the directed movement of electrons within the cytochrome b6/f complex of photosystem II.
term:
electron transporter, transferring electrons within cytochrome b6/f complex of photosystem II activity


go_id: GO:0045159
term: myosin II binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Binding to a class II myosin, any member of the class of 'conventional' double-headed myosins that includes muscle myosin.


go_id: GO:0045160
term: myosin I complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A myosin complex containing a class I myosin heavy chain and associated light chains; myosin I heavy chains are single-headed, possess tails of various lengths, and do not self-associate into bipolar filaments; myosin I complexes are involved in diverse processes related to membrane traffic and cell movement.


go_id: GO:0045161
term: neuronal ion channel clustering
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which voltage-gated ion channels become localized to distinct subcellular domains in the neuron. Specific targeting, clustering, and maintenance of these channels in their respective domains are essential to achieve high conduction velocities of action potential propagation.


go_id: GO:0045162
term: clustering of voltage-gated sodium channels
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which voltage-gated sodium channels become localized together in high densities. In animals, nodes of Ranvier differ dramatically from internodal axonal regions in very high densities of voltage-dependent sodium (Nav) channels responsible for the rapid, inward ionic currents that produce membrane depolarization.


go_id: GO:0045163
term: clustering of voltage-gated potassium channels
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which voltage-gated potassium channels become localized together in high densities. In animals, voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels are clustered beneath the myelin sheath in regions immediately adjacent to paranodes, called juxtaparanodes, and along the inner mesaxon within the internode.


go_id: GO:0045165
term: cell fate commitment
ontology: BP
definition:
The commitment of cells to specific cell fates and their capacity to differentiate into particular kinds of cells. Positional information is established through protein signals that emanate from a localized source within a cell (the initial one-cell zygote) or within a developmental field.


go_id: GO:0045167
term: asymmetric protein localization involved in cell fate determination
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific asymmetric distribution, resulting in the formation of daughter cells of different types.


go_id: GO:0045168
term: cell-cell signaling involved in cell fate commitment
ontology: BP
definition:
Signaling at long or short range between cells that results in the commitment of a cell to a certain fate.


go_id: GO:0045169
term: fusome
ontology: CC
definition:
A large intracellular spectrin-rich structure that has been found in insect germline cells and mammalian hematopoietic cells. The fusome is an elongated, branched structure, formed from the spherical spectrosome organelle.


go_id: GO:0045170
term: spectrosome
ontology: CC
definition:
A germline specific spherical organelle, rich in membrane skeletal proteins. Precursor to the fusome.


go_id: GO:0045171
term: intercellular bridge
ontology: CC
definition:
A direct connection between the cytoplasm of two cells that is formed following the completion of cleavage furrow ingression during cell division. They are usually present only briefly prior to completion of cytokinesis. However, in some cases, such as the bridges between germ cells during their development, they become stabilised.


go_id: GO:0045172
term: germline ring canal
ontology: CC
definition:
Germline specific intercellular bridge. During cyst formation in insects, ring canals interconnect the cells of the cyst, facilitating the passage of cytoplasmic components between cells.


go_id: GO:0045173
term: O-sialoglycoprotein catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of O-sialoglycoproteins, glycoproteins which contain sialic acid as one of their carbohydrates. They are often found on or in the cell or tissue membranes and participate in a variety of biological activities.


go_id: GO:0045177
term: apical part of cell
ontology: CC
definition:
The region of a polarized cell that forms a tip or is distal to a base. For example, in a polarized epithelial cell, the apical region has an exposed surface and lies opposite to the basal lamina that separates the epithelium from other tissue.


go_id: GO:0045178
term: basal part of cell
ontology: CC
definition:
The region of a cell situated near the base. For example, in a polarized epithelial cell, the basal surface rests on the basal lamina that separates the epithelium from other tissue.


go_id: GO:0045182
term: translation regulator activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Any molecular function involved in the initiation, activation, perpetuation, repression or termination of polypeptide synthesis at the ribosome.


go_id: GO:0045185
term: maintenance of protein location
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which a protein is maintained in a location and prevented from moving elsewhere. These include sequestration, stabilization to prevent transport elsewhere and the active retrieval of proteins that do move away.


go_id: GO:0045186
term: zonula adherens assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
Assembly of the zonula adherens, a cell-cell adherens junction which forms a continuous belt near the apex of epithelial cells.


go_id: GO:0045187
term: regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sleep; a readily reversible state of reduced awareness and metabolic activity that occurs periodically in many animals.


go_id: GO:0045190
term: isotype switching
ontology: BP
definition:
The switching of activated B cells from IgM biosynthesis to biosynthesis of other isotypes of immunoglobulin, accomplished through a recombination process involving an intrachromosomal deletion involving switch regions that reside 5' of each constant region gene segment in the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus.


go_id: GO:0045196
term: establishment or maintenance of neuroblast polarity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of the apicobasal polarity of a neuroblast cell, a progenitor of the central nervous system.


go_id: GO:0045197
term: establishment or maintenance of epithelial cell apical/basal polarity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of the apicobasal polarity of an epithelial cell.


go_id: GO:0045200
term: establishment of neuroblast polarity
ontology: BP
definition:
The specification and formation of the apicobasal polarity of a neuroblast cell, a progenitor of the central nervous system.


go_id: GO:0045201
term: maintenance of neuroblast polarity
ontology: BP
definition:
The maintenance of the apicobasal polarity of a neuroblast cell, a progenitor of the central nervous system.


go_id: GO:0045202
term: synapse
ontology: CC
definition:
The junction between an axon of one neuron and a dendrite of another neuron, a muscle fiber or a glial cell. As the axon approaches the synapse it enlarges into a specialized structure, the presynaptic terminal bouton, which contains mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. At the tip of the terminal bouton is the presynaptic membrane; facing it, and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft) is a specialized area of membrane on the receiving cell, known as the postsynaptic membrane. In response to the arrival of nerve impulses, the presynaptic terminal bouton secretes molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane.


go_id: GO:0045203
term: integral component of cell outer membrane
ontology: CC
definition:
The component of the cell outer membrane consisting of the gene products having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.


go_id: GO:0045210
term: FasL biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of fas ligand (FasL or CD95L), an antigen originally found to be expressed on the cell surface of activated human T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes and a variety of malignant human lymphoid cell lines.


go_id: GO:0045211
term: postsynaptic membrane
ontology: CC
definition:
A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters cross the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane.


go_id: GO:0045214
term: sarcomere organization
ontology: BP
definition:
The myofibril assembly process that results in the organization of muscle actomyosin into sarcomeres. The sarcomere is the repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell, composed of an array of overlapping thick and thin filaments between two adjacent Z discs.


go_id: GO:0045216
term: cell-cell junction organization
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cell-cell junction. A cell-cell junction is a specialized region of connection between two cells.


go_id: GO:0045218
term: zonula adherens maintenance
ontology: BP
definition:
Maintaining the zonula adherens junction, the cell-cell adherens junction formed near the apex of epithelial cells.


go_id: GO:0045219
term: regulation of FasL production
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of FasL.


go_id: GO:0045220
term: positive regulation of FasL production
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of FasL.


go_id: GO:0045221
term: negative regulation of FasL production
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of FasL.


go_id: GO:0045222
term: CD4 biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CD4, a CD marker that occurs on T-helper cells and is involved in MHC class II restricted interactions.


go_id: GO:0045223
term: regulation of CD4 production
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CD4.


go_id: GO:0045224
term: positive regulation of CD4 production
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CD4.


go_id: GO:0045225
term: negative regulation of CD4 production
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CD4.


go_id: GO:0045226
term: extracellular polysaccharide biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polysaccharides used in extracellular structures.


go_id: GO:0045227
term: capsule polysaccharide biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polysaccharides that make up the capsule, a protective structure surrounding some species of bacteria and fungi.


go_id: GO:0045228
term: slime layer polysaccharide biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polysaccharides in the slime layer, a diffused layer of polysaccharide exterior to the bacterial cell wall.


go_id: GO:0045229
term: external encapsulating structure organization
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of external structures that lie outside the plasma membrane and surround the entire cell.


go_id: GO:0045230
term: capsule organization
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the capsule, a protective structure surrounding some species of bacteria and fungi.


go_id: GO:0045231
term: slime layer organization
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a slime layer. A slime layer is an easily removed, diffuse, unorganized layer of extracellular material that surrounds a cell.


go_id: GO:0045232
term: S-layer organization
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an S-layer enveloping the cell. The S-layer is a crystalline protein layer surrounding some bacteria.


go_id: GO:0045244
term: succinate-CoA ligase complex (GDP-forming)
ontology: CC
definition:
A heterodimeric enzyme complex, usually composed of an alpha and beta chain. Functions in the TCA cycle, hydrolyzing succinyl-CoA into succinate and CoA, thereby forming GTP.


go_id: GO:0045246
term: cytosolic tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme complex
ontology: CC
definition:
Any of the heteromeric enzymes, located in the cytosol, that act in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle.


go_id: GO:0045247
term: cytosolic electron transfer flavoprotein complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A protein complex located in the cytosol containing flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) that, together with an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, forms a system that oxidizes an acyl-CoA molecule and reduces ubiquinone and other acceptors.


go_id: GO:0045248
term: cytosolic oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A cytosolic complex of multiple copies of three enzymatic components: oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (lipoamide) (E1), dihydrolipoamide S-succinyltransferase (E2) and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (E3); catalyzes the overall conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to succinyl-CoA and carbon dioxide (CO2).


go_id: GO:0045249
term: cytosol pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide) phosphatase complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A cytosolic complex of a regulatory and catalytic subunit that catalyzes the dephosphorylation and concomitant reactivation of the alpha subunit of the E1 component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.


go_id: GO:0045250
term: cytosolic pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
ontology: CC
definition:
Complex that carries out the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to form acetyl-CoA; comprises subunits possessing three catalytic activities: pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase (E2), and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (E3). Usually contains fewer subunits than its eukaryotic counterpart; for example, the E. coli complex contains 12 E1 dimers, 8 E2 trimers, and 6 E3 dimers arranged in highly symmetric cubic order.


go_id: GO:0045251
term: electron transfer flavoprotein complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A protein complex facilitating the electron transfer from an acyl-CoA molecule to ubiquinone via its flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) cofactor. Usually contains an alpha and a beta subunit and the structural cofactor adenosine monophosphate (AMP). Part of a system that oxidizes an acyl-CoA molecule and reduces ubiquinone and other acceptors in the electron transport system.


go_id: GO:0045252
term: oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A complex of multiple copies of three enzymatic components: oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (lipoamide) (E1), dihydrolipoamide S-succinyltransferase  (E2) and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (E3); catalyzes the overall conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to succinyl-CoA and carbon dioxide (CO2).


go_id: GO:0045253
term: pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide) phosphatase complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A complex of a regulatory and catalytic subunit that catalyzes the dephosphorylation and concomitant reactivation of the alpha subunit of the E1 component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.


go_id: GO:0045254
term: pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
ontology: CC
definition:
Complex that carries out the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to form acetyl-CoA; comprises subunits possessing three catalytic activities: pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase (E2), and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (E3).


go_id: GO:0045257
term: succinate dehydrogenase complex (ubiquinone)
ontology: CC
definition:
The enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of succinate and ubiquinone to fumarate and ubiquinol; involved in aerobic respiration, repressed in anaerobic respiration.


go_id: GO:0045258
term: plasma membrane succinate dehydrogenase complex (ubiquinone)
ontology: CC
definition:
The enzyme, located in the plasma membrane, that catalyzes the oxidation of succinate and ubiquinone to fumarate and ubiquinol; involved in aerobic respiration, repressed in anaerobic respiration.


go_id: GO:0045259
term: proton-transporting ATP synthase complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex that catalyzes the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP during oxidative phosphorylation. The complex comprises a membrane sector (F0) that carries out proton transport and a cytoplasmic compartment sector (F1) that catalyzes ATP synthesis by a rotational mechanism; the extramembrane sector (containing 3 a and 3 b subunits) is connected via the d-subunit to the membrane sector by several smaller subunits. Within this complex, the g and e subunits and the 9-12 c subunits rotate by consecutive 120 degree angles and perform parts of ATP synthesis. This movement is driven by the hydrogen ion electrochemical potential gradient.


go_id: GO:0045260
term: plasma membrane proton-transporting ATP synthase complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A proton-transporting ATP synthase complex found in the plasma membrane. Examples of this component are found in Bacterial species.


go_id: GO:0045261
term: proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, catalytic core F(1)
ontology: CC
definition:
The sector of a hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase complex in which the catalytic activity resides; it comprises the catalytic core and central stalk, and is peripherally associated with a membrane, such as the plasma membrane or the mitochondrial inner membrane, when the entire ATP synthase is assembled.


go_id: GO:0045262
term: plasma membrane proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, catalytic core F(1)
ontology: CC
definition:
The catalytic sector of the plasma membrane hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase; it comprises the catalytic core and central stalk, and is peripherally associated with the plasma membrane when the entire ATP synthase is assembled. Examples of this component are found in Bacterial species.


go_id: GO:0045263
term: proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o)
ontology: CC
definition:
All non-F1 subunits of a hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, including integral and peripheral membrane proteins.


go_id: GO:0045264
term: plasma membrane proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o)
ontology: CC
definition:
All non-F1 subunits of the plasma membrane hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, including integral and peripheral plasma membrane proteins.


go_id: GO:0045265
term: proton-transporting ATP synthase, stator stalk
ontology: CC
definition:
One of two stalks that connect the catalytic core of the hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase to the membrane-associated Fo proteins; is thought to prevent futile rotation of the catalytic core.


go_id: GO:0045266
term: plasma membrane proton-transporting ATP synthase, stator stalk
ontology: CC
definition:
One of two stalks that connect the catalytic core of the hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase to the plasma membrane-associated F0 proteins; is thought to prevent futile rotation of the catalytic core. Examples of this component are found in Bacterial species.


go_id: GO:0045267
term: proton-transporting ATP synthase, catalytic core
ontology: CC
definition:
The hexamer that possesses the catalytic activity of the mitochondrial hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase.


go_id: GO:0045268
term: plasma membrane proton-transporting ATP synthase, catalytic core
ontology: CC
definition:
The hexamer that possesses the catalytic activity of the plasma membrane hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase. Examples of this component are found in Bacterial species.


go_id: GO:0045269
term: proton-transporting ATP synthase, central stalk
ontology: CC
definition:
One of two stalks that connect the catalytic core of the hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase to the membrane-associated Fo proteins; rotates within the catalytic core during catalysis.


go_id: GO:0045270
term: plasma membrane proton-transporting ATP synthase, central stalk
ontology: CC
definition:
One of two stalks that connect the catalytic core of the hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase to the plasma membrane-associated Fo proteins; rotates within the catalytic core during catalysis. Examples of this component are found in Bacterial species.


go_id: GO:0045271
term: respiratory chain complex I
ontology: CC
definition:
Respiratory chain complex I is an enzyme of the respiratory chain. It consists of several polypeptide chains and is L-shaped, with a horizontal arm lying in the membrane and a vertical arm that projects into the matrix. The electrons of NADH enter the chain at this complex.


go_id: GO:0045272
term: plasma membrane respiratory chain complex I
ontology: CC
definition:
A subcomplex of the respiratory chain located in the plasma membrane. It contains about 25 different polypeptide subunits, including NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone), flavin mononucleotide and several different iron-sulfur clusters containing non-heme iron. The iron undergoes oxidation-reduction between Fe(II) and Fe(III), and catalyzes proton translocation linked to the oxidation of NADH by ubiquinone. Examples of this component are found in bacterial species.


go_id: GO:0045273
term: respiratory chain complex II
ontology: CC
definition:
A part of the respiratory chain, containing the four polypeptide subunits of succinate dehydrogenase, flavin-adenine dinucleotide and iron-sulfur. Catalyzes the oxidation of succinate by ubiquinone. Connects the TCA cycle with the respiratory chain.


go_id: GO:0045274
term: plasma membrane respiratory chain complex II
ontology: CC
definition:
A part of the respiratory chain located in the plasma membrane, containing the four polypeptide subunits of succinate dehydrogenase, flavin-adenine dinucleotide and iron-sulfur. Catalyzes the oxidation of succinate by ubiquinone. Connects the TCA cycle with the respiratory chain. Examples of this component are found in bacterial species.


go_id: GO:0045275
term: respiratory chain complex III
ontology: CC
definition:
A protein complex that transfers electrons from ubiquinol to cytochrome c and translocates two protons across a membrane. The complex contains a core structure of three catalytic subunits: cytochrome b, the Rieske iron sulfur protein (ISP), and cytochrome c1, which are arranged in an integral membrane-bound dimeric complex; additional subunits are present, and vary among different species.


go_id: GO:0045276
term: plasma membrane respiratory chain complex III
ontology: CC
definition:
A part of the respiratory chain located in the plasma membrane, containing about 10 polypeptide subunits including four redox centers: cytochrome b/b6, cytochrome c1 and an 2Fe-2S cluster. Catalyzes the oxidation of ubiquinol by oxidized cytochrome c1. Examples of this component are found in bacterial species.


go_id: GO:0045277
term: respiratory chain complex IV
ontology: CC
definition:
A part of the respiratory chain, containing the 13 polypeptide subunits of cytochrome c oxidase, including cytochrome a and cytochrome a3. Catalyzes the oxidation of reduced cytochrome c by dioxygen (O2).


go_id: GO:0045278
term: plasma membrane respiratory chain complex IV
ontology: CC
definition:
A part of the respiratory chain located in the plasma membrane, containing the 13 polypeptide subunits of cytochrome c oxidase, including cytochrome a and cytochrome a3. Catalyzes the oxidation of reduced cytochrome c by dioxygen (O2). Examples of this component are found in bacterial species.


go_id: GO:0045281
term: succinate dehydrogenase complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A multimeric complex which consists of flavoprotein (subunit A ; InterPro:IPR003952), iron-sulfur protein (subunit B) and membrane-bound cytochrome b560 (subunit C; InterPro:IPR000701). In some Archaea, the membrane-bound subunits (C or C and D) do not necessarily contain heme. Membrane-bound subunits can bind or react with quinones.


go_id: GO:0045282
term: plasma membrane succinate dehydrogenase complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A multimeric complex which consists of flavoprotein (subunit A ; InterPro:IPR003952), iron-sulfur protein (subunit B) and membrane-bound cytochrome b560 (subunit C; InterPro:IPR000701). In some Archaea, the membrane-bound subunits (C or C and D) do not necessarily contain heme. Membrane-bound subunits can bind/react with quinones. Examples of this component are found in Bacterial species.


go_id: GO:0045283
term: fumarate reductase complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A membrane-bound flavoenzyme complex consisting of four subunits, A, B, C, and D. A and B comprise the membrane-extrinsic catalytic domain and C (InterPro:IPR003510; InterPro:IPR004224) and D (InterPro:IPR003418) link the catalytic centers to the electron-transport chain. This family consists of the 13 kDa hydrophobic subunit D. This component may be required to anchor the catalytic components of the fumarate reductase complex to the cytoplasmic membrane. Fumarate reductase couples the reduction of fumarate to succinate to the oxidation of quinol to quinone, in a reaction opposite to that catalyzed by the related complex II of the respiratory chain (succinate dehydrogenase-(ubiquinone)).


go_id: GO:0045284
term: plasma membrane fumarate reductase complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A membrane-bound flavoenzyme complex consisting of four subunits, A, B, C, and D. A and B comprise the membrane-extrinsic catalytic domain and C (InterPro:IPR003510; InterPro:IPR00224) and D (InterPro:IPR003418) link the catalytic centers to the electron-transport chain. In some species, the complex has only three subunits, and in these cases, there is only one membrane anchor instead of two. This family consists of the 13 kDa hydrophobic subunit D. This component may be required to anchor the catalytic components of the fumarate reductase complex to the cytoplasmic membrane. Fumarate reductase couples the reduction of fumarate to succinate to the oxidation of quinol to quinone, in a reaction opposite to that catalyzed by the related complex II of the respiratory chain (succinate dehydrogenase-(ubiquinone)). Examples of this component are found in bacterial species.


go_id: GO:0045289
term: luciferin monooxygenase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the generalized reaction: luciferin + O2 = oxidized luciferin + CO2 + light. There may be additional substrates and reactants involved in the reaction. The reaction results in light emission as luciferin returns to the ground state after enzymatic oxidation.


go_id: GO:0045291
term: mRNA trans splicing, SL addition
ontology: BP
definition:
The joining together of two independently transcribed RNAs, where the one that provides the 5' portion of the final mRNA is from a splice leader RNA (SL-RNA). The SL-RNA, or mini-exon donor sequence, is added to the 5'-end of the acceptor RNA molecule which provides the mRNA body.


go_id: GO:0045292
term: mRNA cis splicing, via spliceosome
ontology: BP
definition:
The joining together, after removal of an intervening sequence composed of one or more introns, of two segments of the same RNA molecule via spliceosomal catalysis to produce an mRNA composed only of exon sequences that all came from the same primary transcript.


go_id: GO:0045293
term: mRNA editing complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A protein complex that posttranscriptionally catalyzes insertion, deletion or substitution of nucleotides at multiple sites within nascent mRNA transcripts to produce mature mRNAs in eukaryotes.


go_id: GO:0045299
term: otolith mineralization
ontology: BP
definition:
The precipitation of specific crystal forms of calcium carbonate with extracellular matrix proteins in the otolith organs of the vertebrate inner ear.


go_id: GO:0045300
term: acyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] desaturase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: stearoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + reduced acceptor + O2 = oleoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + acceptor + H2O. The enzyme requires ferredoxin.


go_id: GO:0045301
term: tRNA-(2-methylthio-N-6-(cis-hydroxy)isopentenyl adenosine)-hydroxylase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: tRNA-(2-methylthio-N-6-isopentenyl adenosine) = tRNA-(2-methylthio-N-6-(cis-hydroxy)isopentenyl adenosine) + O2. 2-methylthio-N-6-isopentenyl adenosine is also known as ms2i6A; 2-methylthio-N-6-(cis-hydroxy)isopentenyl adenosine is also known as ms2io6A and 2-methylthio-cis-ribozeatin.


go_id: GO:0045302
term: choloylglycine hydrolase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: 3-alpha,7-alpha,12-alpha-trihydroxy-5-beta-cholan-24-oylglycine + H2O = 3-alpha,7-alpha,12-alpha-trihydroxy-5-beta-cholanate + glycine.


go_id: GO:0045303
term: diaminobutyrate-2-oxoglutarate transaminase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + L-2,4-diaminobutyrate = L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde + L-glutamate.


go_id: GO:0045304
term: regulation of establishment of competence for transformation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the process in which a cell becomes able to take up and incorporate extracellular DNA into its genome.


go_id: GO:0045312
term: nor-spermidine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nor-spermidine, a compound related to spermidine, N-(3-aminopropyl)-1,4-diaminobutane.


go_id: GO:0045313
term: rhabdomere membrane biogenesis
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a rhabdomere membrane.


go_id: GO:0045315
term: positive regulation of compound eye photoreceptor development
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of compound eye photoreceptor development.


go_id: GO:0045316
term: negative regulation of compound eye photoreceptor development
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of compound eye photoreceptor development.


go_id: GO:0045317
term: equator specification
ontology: BP
definition:
The formation and development of the equator that forms the boundary between the photoreceptors in the dorsal sector of the eye and those in the ventral sector, dividing the eye into dorsal and ventral halves.


go_id: GO:0045320
term: chloroplast proton-transporting ATP synthase complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A proton-transporting ATP synthase complex found in the chloroplast thylakoid membrane; it catalyzes the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP during photo-phosphorylation.


go_id: GO:0045321
term: leukocyte activation
ontology: BP
definition:
A change in morphology and behavior of a leukocyte resulting from exposure to a specific antigen, mitogen, cytokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor.


go_id: GO:0045322
term: unmethylated CpG binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Binding to uan nmethylated CpG motif. Unmethylated CpG dinucleotides are often associated with gene promoters.


go_id: GO:0045324
term: late endosome to vacuole transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of substances from late endosomes to the vacuole. In yeast, after transport to the prevacuolar compartment, endocytic content is delivered to the late endosome and on to the vacuole. This pathway is analogous to endosome to lysosome transport.


go_id: GO:0045326
term: protein-DNA covalent cross-linking via the 3'-end to peptidyl-tyrosine
ontology: BP
definition:
The formation of a covalent cross-link between DNA and a peptidyl-tyrosine residue by the formation of O4'-(phospho-3'-DNA)-L-tyrosine.


go_id: GO:0045329
term: carnitine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carnitine (hydroxy-trimethyl aminobutyric acid), a compound that participates in the transfer of acyl groups across the inner mitochondrial membrane.


go_id: GO:0045330
term: aspartyl esterase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of an ester bond by a mechanism involving a catalytically active aspartic acid residue.


go_id: GO:0045332
term: phospholipid translocation
ontology: BP
definition:
The movement of a phospholipid molecule from one leaflet of a membrane bilayer to the opposite leaflet.


go_id: GO:0045333
term: cellular respiration
ontology: BP
definition:
The enzymatic release of energy from inorganic and organic compounds (especially carbohydrates and fats) which either requires oxygen (aerobic respiration) or does not (anaerobic respiration).


go_id: GO:0045334
term: clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle
ontology: CC
definition:
A clathrin-coated, membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle formed by invagination of the plasma membrane around an extracellular substance.


go_id: GO:0045335
term: phagocytic vesicle
ontology: CC
definition:
A membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle that arises from the ingestion of particulate material by phagocytosis.


go_id: GO:0045336
term: clathrin-coated phagocytic vesicle
ontology: CC
definition:
A clathrin-coated, membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle that arises from the ingestion of particulate material by phagocytosis.


go_id: GO:0045338
term: farnesyl diphosphate metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving farnesyl diphosphate, an intermediate in carotenoid, sesquiterpene, squalene and sterol biosynthesis, as well as a substrate in protein farnesylation.


go_id: GO:0045341
term: MHC class I biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of major histocompatibility protein class I.


go_id: GO:0045342
term: MHC class II biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of major histocompatibility protein class II.


go_id: GO:0045343
term: regulation of MHC class I biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of MHC class I.


go_id: GO:0045344
term: negative regulation of MHC class I biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of MHC class I.


go_id: GO:0045345
term: positive regulation of MHC class I biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of MHC class I.


go_id: GO:0045346
term: regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of MHC class II.


go_id: GO:0045347
term: negative regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of MHC class II.


go_id: GO:0045348
term: positive regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of MHC class II.


go_id: GO:0045428
term: regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nitric oxide.


go_id: GO:0045429
term: positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nitric oxide.


go_id: GO:0045431
term: flavonol synthase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: a dihydroflavonol + 2-oxoglurate + O2 = a flavonol + succinate + CO2 + H2O.


go_id: GO:0045433
term: male courtship behavior, veined wing generated song production
ontology: BP
definition:
The process during wing vibration where the male insect produces a species-specific acoustic signal called a love song.


go_id: GO:0045434
term: negative regulation of female receptivity, post-mating
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the receptiveness of a female to male advances subsequent to mating.


go_id: GO:0045435
term: lycopene epsilon cyclase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the cyclization of an epsilon ring at one end of the lycopene molecule (psi, psi-carotene) to form delta-carotene (epsilon, psi-carotene).


go_id: GO:0045436
term: lycopene beta cyclase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the cyclization of beta rings at one or both ends of the lycopene molecule (psi, psi-carotene) to form gamma-carotene or the bicyclic beta-carotene (beta, beta-carotene), respectively.


go_id: GO:0045438
term: delta-(L-alpha-aminoadipyl)-L-cysteinyl-D-valine synthetase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the formation of delta-(L-alpha-aminoadipyl)-L-cysteinyl-D-valine from constituent amino acids and ATP in the presence of magnesium ions and dithioerythritol.


go_id: GO:0045442
term: deacetoxycephalosporin-C hydroxylase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + deacetoxycephalosporin C + O(2) = CO(2) + deacetylcephalosporin C + succinate.


go_id: GO:0045443
term: juvenile hormone secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
The regulated release of juvenile hormones, the three sesquiterpenoid derivatives that function to maintain the larval state of insects at molting and that may be required for other processes, e.g. oogenesis.


go_id: GO:0045444
term: fat cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an adipocyte, an animal connective tissue cell specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat.


go_id: GO:0045445
term: myoblast differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a myoblast. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into striated muscle fibers.


go_id: GO:0045446
term: endothelial cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a mesodermal, bone marrow or neural crest cell acquires specialized features of an endothelial cell, a thin flattened cell. A layer of such cells lines the inside surfaces of body cavities, blood vessels, and lymph vessels, making up the endothelium.


go_id: GO:0045448
term: mitotic cell cycle, embryonic
ontology: BP
definition:
The eukaryotic cell cycle in which a cell is duplicated without changing ploidy, occurring in the embryo.


go_id: GO:0045450
term: bicoid mRNA localization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which bicoid mRNA is transported to and maintained within the oocyte as part of the specification of the anterior/posterior axis.


go_id: GO:0045453
term: bone resorption
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which specialized cells known as osteoclasts degrade the organic and inorganic portions of bone, and endocytose and transport the degradation products.


go_id: GO:0045455
term: ecdysteroid metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving ecdysteroids, a group of polyhydroxylated ketosteroids ubiquitous in insects and other arthropods, in which they initiate post-embryonic development, including the metamorphosis of immature forms and the development of the reproductive system and the maturation of oocytes in adult females.


go_id: GO:0045456
term: ecdysteroid biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ecdysteroids, a group of polyhydroxylated ketosteroids which initiate post-embryonic development.


go_id: GO:0045457
term: ecdysteroid secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
The regulated release of ecdysteroids, a group of polyhydroxylated ketosteroids which initiate post-embryonic development.


go_id: GO:0045459
term: iron incorporation into iron-sulfur cluster via tetrakis-L-cysteinyl triiron tetrasulfide
ontology: BP
definition:
The incorporation of iron into a 3Fe-4S iron-sulfur cluster via tetrakis-L-cysteinyl triiron tetrasulfide.


go_id: GO:0045460
term: sterigmatocystin metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving sterigmatocystin, a carcinogenic mycotoxin produced in high yields by strains of the common molds.


go_id: GO:0045461
term: sterigmatocystin biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sterigmatocystin, a carcinogenic mycotoxin produced in high yields by strains of the common molds.


go_id: GO:0045462
term: trichothecene 3-O-acetyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the 3-O-acetylation of a trichothecene. Trichothecenes are sesquiterpene epoxide mycotoxins that act as potent inhibitors of eukaryotic protein synthesis.


go_id: GO:0045463
term: R8 cell development
ontology: BP
definition:
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the R8 photoreceptor over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The R8 photoreceptor is the founding receptor of each ommatidium.


go_id: GO:0045464
term: R8 cell fate specification
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into an R8 cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed.


go_id: GO:0045465
term: R8 cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of the R8 photoreceptor.


go_id: GO:0045466
term: R7 cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of the R7 photoreceptor.


go_id: GO:0045467
term: R7 cell development
ontology: BP
definition:
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the R7 photoreceptor over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The R7 photoreceptor is the last photoreceptor to develop in the ommatidium.


go_id: GO:0045468
term: regulation of R8 cell spacing in compound eye
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that ensures that the R8 cells are selected in a precise progressive pattern so that they are evenly spaced throughout the eye disc.


go_id: GO:0045470
term: R8 cell-mediated photoreceptor organization
ontology: BP
definition:
The regionalization process that coordinates the recruitment and organization of other non-R8 photoreceptors by the R8 photoreceptor.


go_id: GO:0045471
term: response to ethanol
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ethanol stimulus.


go_id: GO:0045472
term: response to ether
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a ether stimulus.


go_id: GO:0045476
term: nurse cell apoptotic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any apoptotic process in a nurse cell. During late oogenesis, following the transfer of substances from the nurse cells to the oocyte, nurse cell remnants are cleared from the egg chamber by apoptotic process.


go_id: GO:0045478
term: fusome organization
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the fusome, a large intracellular spectrin-rich structure found in insect germline cells and mammalian hematopoietic cells.


go_id: GO:0045479
term: vesicle targeting to fusome
ontology: BP
definition:
The recruitment of vesicles to the fusome. The vesicles become the fusome tubule network and are necessary for the assembly of the fusome.


go_id: GO:0045487
term: gibberellin catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gibberellin. Gibberellins are a class of highly modified terpenes that function as plant growth regulators.


go_id: GO:0045488
term: pectin metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving pectin, a group of galacturonic acid-containing, water-soluble colloidal carbohydrates of high molecular weight and of net negative charge.


go_id: GO:0045489
term: pectin biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pectin, a polymer containing a backbone of alpha-1,4-linked D-galacturonic acid residues.


go_id: GO:0045490
term: pectin catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pectin, a polymer containing a backbone of alpha-1,4-linked D-galacturonic acid residues.


go_id: GO:0045491
term: xylan metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving xylan, a polymer containing a beta-1,4-linked D-xylose backbone.


go_id: GO:0045492
term: xylan biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of xylan, a polymer containing a beta-1,4-linked D-xylose backbone.


go_id: GO:0045493
term: xylan catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of xylan, a polymer containing a beta-1,4-linked D-xylose backbone.


go_id: GO:0045494
term: photoreceptor cell maintenance
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process preventing the degeneration of the photoreceptor, a specialized cell type that is sensitive to light.


go_id: GO:0045495
term: pole plasm
ontology: CC
definition:
Differentiated cytoplasm associated with a pole (animal, vegetal, anterior, or posterior) of an oocyte, egg or early embryo.


go_id: GO:0045496
term: male analia development
ontology: BP
definition:
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the analia of the male over time, from formation to the mature structure. The analia is the posterior-most vertral appendage that develops from the genital disc. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


go_id: GO:0045497
term: female analia development
ontology: BP
definition:
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the analia of the female over time, from formation to the mature structure. The analia is the posterior-most vertral appendage that develops from the genital disc. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


go_id: GO:0045498
term: sex comb development
ontology: BP
definition:
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the sex comb over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The sex combs are the male specific chaetae located on the prothoracic tarsal segment of the prothoracic leg.


go_id: GO:0045499
term: chemorepellent activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Providing the environmental signal that initiates the directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a lower concentration of that signal.


go_id: GO:0045500
term: sevenless signaling pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular ligand binding to sevenless (sev; a receptor tyrosine kinase) on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


go_id: GO:0045506
term: interleukin-24 receptor activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Combining with interleukin-24 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


go_id: GO:0045507
term: interleukin-25 receptor activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Combining with interleukin-25 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


go_id: GO:0045508
term: interleukin-26 receptor activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Combining with interleukin-26 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


go_id: GO:0045509
term: interleukin-27 receptor activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Combining with interleukin-27 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


go_id: GO:0045540
term: regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cholesterol.


go_id: GO:0045541
term: negative regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cholesterol.


go_id: GO:0045542
term: positive regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cholesterol.


go_id: GO:0045543
term: gibberellin 2-beta-dioxygenase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: a gibberellin + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = a 2-beta-hydroxygibberellin + succinate + CO2.


go_id: GO:0045545
term: syndecan binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Binding to syndecan, an integral membrane proteoglycan (250-300 kDa) associated largely with epithelial cells.


go_id: GO:0045547
term: dehydrodolichyl diphosphate synthase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the condensation of isopentenyl diphosphate and farnesyl diphosphate in the cis-configuration to form dehydrodolichyl diphosphate.


go_id: GO:0045549
term: 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reactions: a 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid + O2 = 2-cis,4-trans-xanthoxin + a 12'-apo-carotenal; 9-cis-violaxanthin + O2 = 2-cis,4-trans-xanthoxin + (3S,5R,6S)-5,6-epoxy-3-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-12'-apo-beta-caroten-12'-al; and 9'-cis-neoxanthin + O2 = 2-cis,4-trans-xanthoxin + (3S,5R,6R)-5,6-dihydroxy-6,7-didehydro-5,6-dihydro-12'-apo-beta-caroten-12'-al.


go_id: GO:0045569
term: TRAIL binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Binding to TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand), a member of the tumor necrosis factor ligand family that rapidly induces apoptosis in a variety of transformed cell lines.


go_id: GO:0045574
term: sterigmatocystin catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sterigmatocystin, a carcinogenic mycotoxin produced in high yields by strains of the common molds.


go_id: GO:0045575
term: basophil activation
ontology: BP
definition:
The change in morphology and behavior of a basophil resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, soluble factor, or to (at least in mammals) an antigen which the basophil has specifically bound via IgE bound to Fc-epsilonRI receptors.


go_id: GO:0045576
term: mast cell activation
ontology: BP
definition:
The change in morphology and behavior of a mast cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, soluble factor, or to (at least in mammals) an antigen which the mast cell has specifically bound via IgE bound to Fc-epsilonRI receptors.


go_id: GO:0045578
term: negative regulation of B cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of B cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045581
term: negative regulation of T cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045584
term: negative regulation of cytotoxic T cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cytotoxic T cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045585
term: positive regulation of cytotoxic T cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cytotoxic T cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045587
term: negative regulation of gamma-delta T cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045588
term: positive regulation of gamma-delta T cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045591
term: positive regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of differentiation of regulatory T cells.


go_id: GO:0045593
term: negative regulation of cumulus cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ovarian cumulus cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045594
term: positive regulation of cumulus cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ovarian cumulus cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045595
term: regulation of cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell differentiation, the process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and functional features.


go_id: GO:0045599
term: negative regulation of fat cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of adipocyte differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045602
term: negative regulation of endothelial cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045603
term: positive regulation of endothelial cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045605
term: negative regulation of epidermal cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epidermal cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045606
term: positive regulation of epidermal cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of epidermal cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045608
term: negative regulation of inner ear auditory receptor cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of auditory hair cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045609
term: positive regulation of inner ear auditory receptor cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of auditory hair cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045611
term: negative regulation of hemocyte differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hemocyte differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045614
term: negative regulation of plasmatocyte differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of plasmatocyte differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045615
term: positive regulation of plasmatocyte differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of plasmatocyte differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045617
term: negative regulation of keratinocyte differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of keratinocyte differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045618
term: positive regulation of keratinocyte differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of keratinocyte differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045620
term: negative regulation of lymphocyte differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045621
term: positive regulation of lymphocyte differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045623
term: negative regulation of T-helper cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045624
term: positive regulation of T-helper cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045626
term: negative regulation of T-helper 1 cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 1 cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045627
term: positive regulation of T-helper 1 cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 1 cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045629
term: negative regulation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 2 cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045630
term: positive regulation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 2 cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045632
term: negative regulation of mechanoreceptor differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mechanoreceptor differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045633
term: positive regulation of mechanoreceptor differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mechanoreceptor differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045635
term: negative regulation of melanocyte differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of melanocyte differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045636
term: positive regulation of melanocyte differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of melanocyte differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045638
term: negative regulation of myeloid cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of myeloid cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045639
term: positive regulation of myeloid cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of myeloid cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045641
term: negative regulation of basophil differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of basophil differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045644
term: negative regulation of eosinophil differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of eosinophil differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045645
term: positive regulation of eosinophil differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of eosinophil differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045647
term: negative regulation of erythrocyte differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of erythrocyte differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045648
term: positive regulation of erythrocyte differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of erythrocyte differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045650
term: negative regulation of macrophage differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045651
term: positive regulation of macrophage differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045653
term: negative regulation of megakaryocyte differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of megakaryocyte differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045654
term: positive regulation of megakaryocyte differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of megakaryocyte differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045656
term: negative regulation of monocyte differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of monocyte differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045659
term: negative regulation of neutrophil differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neutrophil differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045660
term: positive regulation of neutrophil differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neutrophil differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045661
term: regulation of myoblast differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of myoblast differentiation. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers.


go_id: GO:0045662
term: negative regulation of myoblast differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of myoblast differentiation. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers.


go_id: GO:0045663
term: positive regulation of myoblast differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of myoblast differentiation. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers.


go_id: GO:0045665
term: negative regulation of neuron differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuron differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045668
term: negative regulation of osteoblast differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of osteoblast differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045669
term: positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of osteoblast differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045671
term: negative regulation of osteoclast differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of osteoclast differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045672
term: positive regulation of osteoclast differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of osteoclast differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045677
term: negative regulation of R7 cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of R7cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045680
term: negative regulation of R8 cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of R8 cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045683
term: negative regulation of epidermis development
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epidermis development.


go_id: GO:0045686
term: negative regulation of glial cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glia cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045689
term: negative regulation of antipodal cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of antipodal cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045690
term: positive regulation of antipodal cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of antipodal cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045691
term: regulation of embryo sac central cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of female gametophyte central cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045692
term: negative regulation of embryo sac central cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of embryo sac central cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045693
term: positive regulation of embryo sac central cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of embryo sac central cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045695
term: negative regulation of embryo sac egg cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of embryo sac egg cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045696
term: positive regulation of embryo sac egg cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of embryo sac egg cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045698
term: negative regulation of synergid differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of synergid cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045699
term: positive regulation of synergid differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of synergid cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045701
term: negative regulation of spermatid nuclear differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of spermatid nuclear differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045702
term: positive regulation of spermatid nuclear differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of spermatid nuclear differentiation.


go_id: GO:0045705
term: negative regulation of salivary gland boundary specification
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of salivary gland determination.


go_id: GO:0045706
term: positive regulation of salivary gland boundary specification
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of salivary gland determination.


go_id: GO:0045707
term: regulation of adult salivary gland boundary specification
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of salivary gland determination in an adult organism.


go_id: GO:0045708
term: regulation of larval salivary gland boundary specification
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of salivary gland determination in a larval organism.


go_id: GO:0045709
term: negative regulation of adult salivary gland boundary specification
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of salivary gland determination in an adult organism.


go_id: GO:0045710
term: negative regulation of larval salivary gland boundary specification
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of salivary gland determination in a larval organism.


go_id: GO:0045711
term: positive regulation of adult salivary gland boundary specification
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of salivary gland determination in an adult organism.


go_id: GO:0045712
term: positive regulation of larval salivary gland boundary specification
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of salivary gland determination in a larval organism.


go_id: GO:0045717
term: negative regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of fatty acids.


go_id: GO:0045719
term: negative regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycogen.


go_id: GO:0045720
term: negative regulation of integrin biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of integrins.


go_id: GO:0045723
term: positive regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of fatty acids.


go_id: GO:0045725
term: positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycogen.


go_id: GO:0045726
term: positive regulation of integrin biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of integrins.


go_id: GO:0045727
term: positive regulation of translation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA.


go_id: GO:0045728
term: respiratory burst after phagocytosis
ontology: BP
definition:
A phase of elevated metabolic activity, during which oxygen consumption increases, that occurs in neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages shortly after phagocytosing material. An enhanced uptake of oxygen leads to the production, by an NADH dependent system, of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals, which play a part in microbiocidal activity.


go_id: GO:0045729
term: respiratory burst at fertilization
ontology: BP
definition:
The phase of elevated metabolic activity, during which oxygen consumption increases, that occurs at fertilization. An enhanced uptake of oxygen leads to the production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals. Capacitation, a necessary prerequisite event to successful fertilization, can be induced by reactive oxygen species in vitro; hydrogen peroxide is used as an extracellular oxidant to cross-link the protective surface envelopes.


go_id: GO:0045730
term: respiratory burst
ontology: BP
definition:
A phase of elevated metabolic activity, during which oxygen consumption increases; this leads to the production, by an NADH dependent system, of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals.


go_id: GO:0045732
term: positive regulation of protein catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds.


go_id: GO:0045733
term: acetate catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetate, the anion of acetic acid.


go_id: GO:0045734
term: regulation of acetate catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetate, the anion of acetic acid.


go_id: GO:0045736
term: negative regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity.


go_id: GO:0045741
term: positive regulation of epidermal growth factor-activated receptor activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of EGF-activated receptor activity.


go_id: GO:0045742
term: positive regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway activity.


go_id: GO:0045743
term: positive regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway activity.


go_id: GO:0045744
term: negative regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway.


go_id: GO:0045745
term: positive regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway activity.


go_id: GO:0045746
term: negative regulation of Notch signaling pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the Notch signaling pathway.


go_id: GO:0045747
term: positive regulation of Notch signaling pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the Notch signaling pathway.


go_id: GO:0045751
term: negative regulation of Toll signaling pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the Tl signaling pathway.


go_id: GO:0045753
term: negative regulation of acetate catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetate.


go_id: GO:0045754
term: positive regulation of acetate catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetate.


go_id: GO:0045755
term: negative regulation of initiation of acetate catabolic process by acetate
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops or prevents the activation, by acetate, of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetate.


go_id: GO:0045756
term: positive regulation of initiation of acetate catabolic process by acetate
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the activation, by acetate, of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetate.


go_id: GO:0045759
term: negative regulation of action potential
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels.


go_id: GO:0045760
term: positive regulation of action potential
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels.


go_id: GO:0045762
term: positive regulation of adenylate cyclase activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of adenylate cyclase activity.


go_id: GO:0045763
term: negative regulation of cellular amino acid metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acid.


go_id: GO:0045764
term: positive regulation of cellular amino acid metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acid.


go_id: GO:0045769
term: negative regulation of asymmetric cell division
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of asymmetric cell division.


go_id: GO:0045774
term: negative regulation of beta 2 integrin biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta 2 integrins.


go_id: GO:0045775
term: positive regulation of beta 2 integrin biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta 2 integrins.


go_id: GO:0045778
term: positive regulation of ossification
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ossification, the formation of bone or of a bony substance or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance.


go_id: GO:0045786
term: negative regulation of cell cycle
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle.


go_id: GO:0045796
term: negative regulation of intestinal cholesterol absorption
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of uptake of cholesterol into the blood by absorption from the intestine.


go_id: GO:0045797
term: positive regulation of intestinal cholesterol absorption
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of uptake of cholesterol into the blood by absorption from the intestine.


go_id: GO:0045800
term: negative regulation of chitin-based cuticle tanning
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chitin-based cuticular tanning.


go_id: GO:0045801
term: positive regulation of chitin-based cuticle tanning
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of chitin-based cuticular tanning.


go_id: GO:0045808
term: negative regulation of establishment of competence for transformation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of competence for transformation.


go_id: GO:0045809
term: positive regulation of establishment of competence for transformation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of competence for transformation.


go_id: GO:0045812
term: negative regulation of Wnt signaling pathway, calcium modulating pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where activated receptors leads to an increase in intracellular calcium and activation of protein kinase C (PKC).


go_id: GO:0045813
term: positive regulation of Wnt signaling pathway, calcium modulating pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where activated receptors leads to an increase in intracellular calcium and activation of protein kinase C (PKC).


go_id: GO:0045814
term: negative regulation of gene expression, epigenetic
ontology: BP
definition:
An epigenetic process that silences gene expression at specific genomic regions through chromatin remodelling either by modifying higher order chromatin fiber structure, nucleosomal histones, or the DNA.


go_id: GO:0045815
term: epigenetic maintenance of chromatin in transcription-competent conformation
ontology: BP
definition:
An epigenetic process that capacitates gene expression by remodelling of chromatin by either modifying the chromatin fiber, the nucleosomal histones, or the DNA.


go_id: GO:0045818
term: negative regulation of glycogen catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycogen.


go_id: GO:0045819
term: positive regulation of glycogen catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycogen.


go_id: GO:0045824
term: negative regulation of innate immune response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response.


go_id: GO:0045827
term: negative regulation of isoprenoid metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving isoprenoid.


go_id: GO:0045828
term: positive regulation of isoprenoid metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving isoprenoid.


go_id: GO:0045831
term: negative regulation of light-activated channel activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of light-activated channel activity.


go_id: GO:0045832
term: positive regulation of light-activated channel activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of light-activated channel activity.


go_id: GO:0045833
term: negative regulation of lipid metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids.


go_id: GO:0045834
term: positive regulation of lipid metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids.


go_id: GO:0045837
term: negative regulation of membrane potential
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of establishment or extent of a membrane potential, the electric potential existing across any membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane.


go_id: GO:0045838
term: positive regulation of membrane potential
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of establishment or extent of a membrane potential, the electric potential existing across any membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane.


go_id: GO:0045839
term: negative regulation of mitotic nuclear division
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of mitosis. Mitosis is the division of the eukaryotic cell nucleus to produce two daughter nuclei that, usually, contain the identical chromosome complement to their mother.


go_id: GO:0045841
term: negative regulation of mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the cell cycle process in which a cell progresses from metaphase to anaphase during mitosis, triggered by the activation of the anaphase promoting complex by Cdc20/Sleepy homolog which results in the degradation of Securin.


go_id: GO:0045842
term: positive regulation of mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the cell cycle process in which a cell progresses from metaphase to anaphase during mitosis, triggered by the activation of the anaphase promoting complex by Cdc20/Sleepy homolog which results in the degradation of Securin.


go_id: GO:0045843
term: negative regulation of striated muscle tissue development
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of striated muscle development.


go_id: GO:0045844
term: positive regulation of striated muscle tissue development
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of striated muscle development.


go_id: GO:0045849
term: negative regulation of nurse cell apoptotic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of nurse cell apoptotic process.


go_id: GO:0045850
term: positive regulation of nurse cell apoptotic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of nurse cell apoptotic process.


go_id: GO:0045851
term: pH reduction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that reduces the internal pH of an organism, part of an organism or a cell, measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion.


go_id: GO:0045852
term: pH elevation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that increases the internal pH of an organism, part of an organism or a cell, measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion.


go_id: GO:0045853
term: negative regulation of bicoid mRNA localization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the process in which bicoid mRNA is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.


go_id: GO:0045854
term: positive regulation of bicoid mRNA localization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the process in which bicoid mRNA is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.


go_id: GO:0045855
term: negative regulation of pole plasm oskar mRNA localization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a process in which oskar mRNA is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm.


go_id: GO:0045856
term: positive regulation of pole plasm oskar mRNA localization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the process in which oskar mRNA is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm.


go_id: GO:0045861
term: negative regulation of proteolysis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein.


go_id: GO:0045862
term: positive regulation of proteolysis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein.


go_id: GO:0045863
term: negative regulation of pteridine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving pteridine.


go_id: GO:0045864
term: positive regulation of pteridine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving pteridine.


go_id: GO:0045869
term: negative regulation of single stranded viral RNA replication via double stranded DNA intermediate
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of single stranded viral RNA replication via double stranded DNA intermediate.


go_id: GO:0045870
term: positive regulation of single stranded viral RNA replication via double stranded DNA intermediate
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of retroviral genome replication.


go_id: GO:0045873
term: negative regulation of sevenless signaling pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the sevenless signaling pathway.


go_id: GO:0045874
term: positive regulation of sevenless signaling pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the sevenless signaling pathway.


go_id: GO:0045875
term: negative regulation of sister chromatid cohesion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of sister chromatid cohesion.


go_id: GO:0045886
term: negative regulation of synaptic assembly at neuromuscular junction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic assembly at neuromuscular junction.


go_id: GO:0045887
term: positive regulation of synaptic assembly at neuromuscular junction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic assembly at neuromuscular junction.


go_id: GO:0045892
term: negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.


go_id: GO:0045893
term: positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.


go_id: GO:0045894
term: negative regulation of mating-type specific transcription, DNA-templated
ontology: BP
definition:
Any mating-type specific process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate of cellular DNA-templated transcription.


go_id: GO:0045895
term: positive regulation of mating-type specific transcription, DNA-templated
ontology: BP
definition:
Any mating-type specific process that activates or increases the rate of cellular DNA-templated transcription.


go_id: GO:0045898
term: regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription preinitiation complex assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of RNA polymerase II transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly.


go_id: GO:0045899
term: positive regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription preinitiation complex assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of RNA polymerase II transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly.


go_id: GO:0045900
term: negative regulation of translational elongation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of translational elongation.


go_id: GO:0045902
term: negative regulation of translational fidelity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that decreases the ability of the translational apparatus to interpret the genetic code.


go_id: GO:0045903
term: positive regulation of translational fidelity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that increases the ability of the translational apparatus to interpret the genetic code.


go_id: GO:0045904
term: negative regulation of translational termination
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of translational termination.


go_id: GO:0045912
term: negative regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrate.


go_id: GO:0045913
term: positive regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrate.


go_id: GO:0045914
term: negative regulation of catecholamine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving catecholamine.


go_id: GO:0045915
term: positive regulation of catecholamine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving catecholamine.


go_id: GO:0045916
term: negative regulation of complement activation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of complement activation.


go_id: GO:0045922
term: negative regulation of fatty acid metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty acids.


go_id: GO:0045923
term: positive regulation of fatty acid metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty acids.


go_id: GO:0045924
term: regulation of female receptivity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the willingness or readiness of a female to receive male advances.


go_id: GO:0045926
term: negative regulation of growth
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of growth, the increase in size or mass of all or part of an organism.


go_id: GO:0045927
term: positive regulation of growth
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of growth, the increase in size or mass of all or part of an organism.


go_id: GO:0045928
term: negative regulation of juvenile hormone metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving juvenile hormone.


go_id: GO:0045929
term: positive regulation of juvenile hormone metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving juvenile hormone.


go_id: GO:0045930
term: negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of progression through the mitotic cell cycle.


go_id: GO:0045931
term: positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of progression through the mitotic cell cycle.


go_id: GO:0045934
term: negative regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any cellular process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids.


go_id: GO:0045935
term: positive regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any cellular process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids.


go_id: GO:0045936
term: negative regulation of phosphate metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphates.


go_id: GO:0045937
term: positive regulation of phosphate metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphates.


go_id: GO:0045938
term: positive regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the duration or quality of sleep, a readily reversible state of reduced awareness and metabolic activity that occurs periodically in many animals.


go_id: GO:0045939
term: negative regulation of steroid metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving steroids.


go_id: GO:0045940
term: positive regulation of steroid metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving steroids.


go_id: GO:0045942
term: negative regulation of phosphorus utilization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of phosphorus utilization.


go_id: GO:0045943
term: positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase I
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase I.


go_id: GO:0045944
term: positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.


go_id: GO:0045945
term: positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase III
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase III.


go_id: GO:0045947
term: negative regulation of translational initiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of translational initiation.


go_id: GO:0045951
term: positive regulation of mitotic recombination
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA recombination during mitosis.


go_id: GO:0045952
term: regulation of juvenile hormone catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of juvenile hormone.


go_id: GO:0045954
term: positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity.


go_id: GO:0045955
term: negative regulation of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis.


go_id: GO:0045956
term: positive regulation of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis.


go_id: GO:0045957
term: negative regulation of complement activation, alternative pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of complement activation by the alternative pathway.


go_id: GO:0045958
term: positive regulation of complement activation, alternative pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of complement activation by the alternative pathway.


go_id: GO:0045959
term: negative regulation of complement activation, classical pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of complement activation by the classical pathway.


go_id: GO:0045960
term: positive regulation of complement activation, classical pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of complement activation by the classical pathway.


go_id: GO:0045961
term: negative regulation of development, heterochronic
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the consistent predetermined time point at which an integrated living unit or organism progresses from an initial condition to a later condition and decreases the rate at which this time point is reached.


go_id: GO:0045962
term: positive regulation of development, heterochronic
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the consistent predetermined time point at which an integrated living unit or organism progresses from an initial condition to a later condition and increases the rate at which this time point is reached.


go_id: GO:0045963
term: negative regulation of dopamine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving dopamine.


go_id: GO:0045964
term: positive regulation of dopamine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving dopamine.


go_id: GO:0045965
term: negative regulation of ecdysteroid metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving ecdysteroids.


go_id: GO:0045966
term: positive regulation of ecdysteroid metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving ecdysteroids.


go_id: GO:0045968
term: negative regulation of juvenile hormone biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of juvenile hormone.


go_id: GO:0045969
term: positive regulation of juvenile hormone biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of juvenile hormone.


go_id: GO:0045970
term: negative regulation of juvenile hormone catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of juvenile hormone.


go_id: GO:0045971
term: positive regulation of juvenile hormone catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of juvenile hormone.


go_id: GO:0045972
term: negative regulation of juvenile hormone secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of juvenile hormone.


go_id: GO:0045973
term: positive regulation of juvenile hormone secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of juvenile hormone.


go_id: GO:0045974
term: regulation of translation, ncRNA-mediated
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process, mediated by small non-coding RNAs, that modulates the frequency, rate or extent that mRNAs are effectively translated into protein.


go_id: GO:0045975
term: positive regulation of translation, ncRNA-mediated
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process, mediated by small non-coding RNAs, that activates or increases the rate that mRNAs are effectively translated into protein.


go_id: GO:0045976
term: negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle, embryonic
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of progression through the embryonic mitotic cell cycle.


go_id: GO:0045977
term: positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle, embryonic
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of progression through the embryonic mitotic cell cycle.


go_id: GO:0045978
term: negative regulation of nucleoside metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleosides.


go_id: GO:0045979
term: positive regulation of nucleoside metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleosides.


go_id: GO:0045980
term: negative regulation of nucleotide metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleotides.


go_id: GO:0045981
term: positive regulation of nucleotide metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleotides.


go_id: GO:0045982
term: negative regulation of purine nucleobase metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving purine nucleobases.


go_id: GO:0045983
term: positive regulation of purine nucleobase metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving purine bases.


go_id: GO:0045984
term: negative regulation of pyrimidine nucleobase metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving pyrimidine nucleobases.


go_id: GO:0045985
term: positive regulation of pyrimidine nucleobase metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving pyrimidine nucleobases.


go_id: GO:0045986
term: negative regulation of smooth muscle contraction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle contraction.


go_id: GO:0045988
term: negative regulation of striated muscle contraction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of striated muscle contraction.


go_id: GO:0045989
term: positive regulation of striated muscle contraction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of striated muscle contraction.


go_id: GO:0045990
term: carbon catabolite regulation of transcription
ontology: BP
definition:
A transcription regulation process in which the presence of one carbon source leads to the modulation of the frequency, rate, or extent of transcription of specific genes involved in the metabolism of other carbon sources.


go_id: GO:0045991
term: carbon catabolite activation of transcription
ontology: BP
definition:
A transcription regulation process in which the presence of one carbon source leads to an increase in the frequency, rate, or extent of transcription of specific genes involved in the metabolism of other carbon sources.


go_id: GO:0045992
term: negative regulation of embryonic development
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of embryonic development.


go_id: GO:0045997
term: negative regulation of ecdysteroid biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ecdysteroids.


go_id: GO:0045998
term: positive regulation of ecdysteroid biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ecdysteroids.


go_id: GO:0045999
term: negative regulation of ecdysteroid secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of ecdysteroid.


go_id: GO:0046000
term: positive regulation of ecdysteroid secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of ecdysteroid.


go_id: GO:0046001
term: negative regulation of preblastoderm mitotic cell cycle
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of progression through the preblastoderm mitotic cell cycle.


go_id: GO:0046002
term: positive regulation of preblastoderm mitotic cell cycle
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of progression through the preblastoderm mitotic cell cycle.


go_id: GO:0046003
term: negative regulation of syncytial blastoderm mitotic cell cycle
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of progression through the syncytial blastoderm mitotic cell cycle.


go_id: GO:0046004
term: positive regulation of syncytial blastoderm mitotic cell cycle
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of progression through the syncytial blastoderm mitotic cell cycle.


go_id: GO:0046010
term: positive regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, non-REM sleep
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the duration or quality of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep.


go_id: GO:0046011
term: regulation of oskar mRNA translation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of oskar mRNA translation. To ensure the localization of Oskar protein at the posterior pole of the oocyte, translation of oskar mRNA is repressed during its transport to the posterior pole and activated upon localization of the mRNA at the posterior cortex.


go_id: GO:0046025
term: precorrin-6Y C5,15-methyltransferase (decarboxylating) activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + precorrin-6Y = 2 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + precorrin-8X + CO2.


go_id: GO:0046026
term: precorrin-4 C11-methyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + precorrin-4 = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + precorrin 5.


go_id: GO:0046028
ontology: MF
definition: Enables the directed movement of electrons from the cytochrome b6/f complex of photosystem II.
term:
electron transporter, transferring electrons from cytochrome b6/f complex of photosystem II activity


go_id: GO:0046030
term: inositol trisphosphate phosphatase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: myo-inositol trisphosphate + H2O = myo-inositol bisphosphate + phosphate.


go_id: GO:0046034
term: ATP metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving ATP, adenosine triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.


go_id: GO:0046045
term: TMP catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of TMP, ribosylthymine monophosphate.


go_id: GO:0046053
term: dAMP metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dAMP, deoxyadenosine monophosphate (2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-phosphate).


go_id: GO:0046054
term: dGMP metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dGMP, deoxyguanosine monophosphate (2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-phosphate).


go_id: GO:0046055
term: dGMP catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dGMP, deoxyguanosine monophosphate (2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-phosphate).


go_id: GO:0046056
term: dADP metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dADP, deoxyadenosine diphosphate (2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-diphosphate).


go_id: GO:0046057
term: dADP catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dADP, deoxyadenosine diphosphate (2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-diphosphate).


go_id: GO:0046058
term: cAMP metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving the nucleotide cAMP (cyclic AMP, adenosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate).


go_id: GO:0046059
term: dAMP catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dAMP, deoxyadenosine monophosphate (2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-phosphate).


go_id: GO:0046060
term: dATP metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dATP, deoxyadenosine triphosphate (2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphate).


go_id: GO:0046061
term: dATP catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dATP, deoxyadenosine triphosphate (2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphate).


go_id: GO:0046064
term: dCMP biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dCMP, deoxycytidine monophosphate.


go_id: GO:0046066
term: dGDP metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dGDP, deoxyguanosine diphosphate, (2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-diphosphate).


go_id: GO:0046067
term: dGDP catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dGDP, deoxyguanosine diphosphate, (2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-diphosphate).


go_id: GO:0046069
term: cGMP catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cyclic GMP, guanosine 3',5'-phosphate.


go_id: GO:0046073
term: dTMP metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dTMP, deoxyribosylthymine monophosphate (2'-deoxyribosylthymine 5'-phosphate).


go_id: GO:0046074
term: dTMP catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dTMP, deoxyribosylthymine monophosphate.


go_id: GO:0046076
term: dTTP catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dTTP, deoxyribosylthymine triphosphate.


go_id: GO:0046078
term: dUMP metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dUMP, deoxyuridine (5'-)monophosphate (2'-deoxyuridine 5'-phosphate).


go_id: GO:0046079
term: dUMP catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dUMP, deoxyuridine (5'-)monophosphate.


go_id: GO:0046081
term: dUTP catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dUTP, deoxyuridine (5'-)triphosphate.


go_id: GO:0046082
term: 5-methylcytosine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 5-methylcytosine, a methylated base of DNA.


go_id: GO:0046083
term: adenine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving adenine, 6-aminopurine, one of the five main bases found in nucleic acids and a component of numerous important derivatives of its corresponding ribonucleoside, adenosine.


go_id: GO:0046084
term: adenine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of adenine, 6-aminopurine, one of the five main bases found in nucleic acids and a component of numerous important derivatives of its corresponding ribonucleoside, adenosine.


go_id: GO:0046085
term: adenosine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving adenosine, adenine riboside, a ribonucleoside found widely distributed in cells of every type as the free nucleoside and in combination in nucleic acids and various nucleoside coenzymes.


go_id: GO:0046086
term: adenosine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of adenosine, adenine riboside, a ribonucleoside found widely distributed in cells of every type as the free nucleoside and in combination in nucleic acids and various nucleoside coenzymes.


go_id: GO:0046087
term: cytidine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving cytidine, cytosine riboside, a widely distributed nucleoside.


go_id: GO:0046088
term: cytidine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cytidine, cytosine riboside, a widely distributed nucleoside.


go_id: GO:0046089
term: cytosine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cytosine, 4-amino-2-hydroxypyrimidine, a pyrimidine derivative that is one of the five main bases found in nucleic acids; it occurs widely in cytidine derivatives.


go_id: GO:0046090
term: deoxyadenosine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving deoxyadenosine, 2-deoxyribosyladenine, one of the four major nucleosides of DNA.


go_id: GO:0046091
term: deoxyadenosine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of deoxyadenosine, 2-deoxyribosyladenine, one of the four major nucleosides of DNA.


go_id: GO:0046092
term: deoxycytidine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving deoxycytidine, 2-deoxyribosylcytosine, one of the four major nucleosides of DNA.


go_id: GO:0046093
term: deoxycytidine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of deoxycytidine, 2-deoxyribosylcytosine, one of the four major nucleosides of DNA.


go_id: GO:0046095
term: deoxyinosine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of deoxyinosine, hypoxanthine deoxyriboside.


go_id: GO:0046096
term: deoxyuridine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving deoxyuridine, 2-deoxyribosyluracil, one of the four major nucleosides of DNA.


go_id: GO:0046097
term: deoxyuridine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of deoxyuridine, 2-deoxyribosyluracil, one of the four major nucleosides of DNA.


go_id: GO:0046098
term: guanine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving guanine, 2-amino-6-hydroxypurine, a purine that is one of the five main bases found in nucleic acids and a component of a number of phosphorylated guanosine derivatives whose metabolic or regulatory functions are important.


go_id: GO:0046099
term: guanine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of guanine, 2-amino-6-hydroxypurine, a purine that is one of the five main bases found in nucleic acids and a component of a number of phosphorylated guanosine derivatives whose metabolic or regulatory functions are important.


go_id: GO:0046100
term: hypoxanthine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving hypoxanthine, 6-hydroxy purine, an intermediate in the degradation of adenylate. Its ribonucleoside is known as inosine and its ribonucleotide as inosinate.


go_id: GO:0046101
term: hypoxanthine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hypoxanthine, 6-hydroxy purine, an intermediate in the degradation of adenylate. Its ribonucleoside is known as inosine and its ribonucleotide as inosinate.


go_id: GO:0046102
term: inosine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving inosine, hypoxanthine riboside, a nucleoside found free but not in combination in nucleic acids except in the anticodons of some tRNAs.


go_id: GO:0046103
term: inosine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of inosine, hypoxanthine riboside, a nucleoside found free but not in combination in nucleic acids except in the anticodons of some tRNAs.


go_id: GO:0046104
term: thymidine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving thymidine, deoxyribosylthymine thymine 2-deoxyriboside, a deoxynucleoside very widely distributed but occurring almost entirely as phosphoric esters in deoxynucleotides and deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA.


go_id: GO:0046105
term: thymidine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of thymidine, deoxyribosylthymine thymine 2-deoxyriboside, a deoxynucleoside very widely distributed but occurring almost entirely as phosphoric esters in deoxynucleotides and deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA.


go_id: GO:0046106
term: thymine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of thymine, 5-methyluracil, one of the two major pyrimidine bases present (as thymidine) in DNA but not found in RNA other than (as ribothymidine) in transfer RNA, where it is a minor base.


go_id: GO:0046107
term: uracil biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of uracil, 2,4-dioxopyrimidine, one of the pyrimidine bases occurring in RNA, but not in DNA.


go_id: GO:0046108
term: uridine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving uridine, uracil riboside, a ribonucleoside very widely distributed but occurring almost entirely as phosphoric esters in ribonucleotides and ribonucleic acids.


go_id: GO:0046109
term: uridine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of uridine, uracil riboside, a ribonucleoside very widely distributed but occurring almost entirely as phosphoric esters in ribonucleotides and ribonucleic acids.


go_id: GO:0046110
term: xanthine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving xanthine, 2,6-dihydroxypurine, a purine formed in the metabolic breakdown of guanine but not present in nucleic acids.


go_id: GO:0046111
term: xanthine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of xanthine, 2,6-dihydroxypurine, a purine formed in the metabolic breakdown of guanine but not present in nucleic acids.


go_id: GO:0046112
term: nucleobase biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nucleobase, a nitrogenous base that is a constituent of a nucleic acid.


go_id: GO:0046113
term: nucleobase catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a nucleobase, a nitrogenous base that is a constituent of a nucleic acid.


go_id: GO:0046114
term: guanosine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of guanine, guanine riboside, a nucleoside with a wide species distribution.


go_id: GO:0046115
term: guanosine catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of guanine, guanine riboside, a nucleoside with a wide species distribution.


go_id: GO:0046116
term: queuosine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving queuosines, any of a series of nucleosides found in tRNA and having an additional pentenyl ring added via an NH group to the methyl group of 7-methylguanosine. The pentenyl ring may carry other substituents.


go_id: GO:0046117
term: queuosine catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of queuosines, any of a series of nucleosides found in tRNA and having an additional pentenyl ring added via an NH group to the methyl group of 7-methylguanosine. The pentenyl ring may carry other substituents.


go_id: GO:0046118
term: 7-methylguanosine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 7-methylguanosine, a modified nucleoside that forms a cap at the 5'-terminus of eukaryotic mRNA.


go_id: GO:0046119
term: 7-methylguanosine catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 7-methylguanosine, a modified nucleoside that forms a cap at the 5'-terminus of eukaryotic mRNA.


go_id: GO:0046120
term: deoxyribonucleoside biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a purine or pyrimidine base covalently bonded to a sugar deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside).


go_id: GO:0046121
term: deoxyribonucleoside catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a purine or pyrimidine base covalently bonded to a sugar deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside).


go_id: GO:0046122
term: purine deoxyribonucleoside metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving any one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a purine base covalently bonded to a sugar deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside).


go_id: GO:0046123
term: purine deoxyribonucleoside biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any purine deoxyribonucleoside, one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a purine base covalently bonded to a sugar deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside).


go_id: GO:0046124
term: purine deoxyribonucleoside catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a purine base covalently bonded to a sugar deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside).


go_id: GO:0046125
term: pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving any one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a pyrimidine base covalently bonded to a sugar deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside).


go_id: GO:0046126
term: pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a pyrimidine base covalently bonded to a sugar deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside).


go_id: GO:0046127
term: pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a pyrimidine base covalently bonded to a sugar deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside).


go_id: GO:0046128
term: purine ribonucleoside metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving any ribonucleoside, a nucleoside in which purine base is linked to a ribose (beta-D-ribofuranose) molecule.


go_id: GO:0046129
term: purine ribonucleoside biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any purine ribonucleoside, a nucleoside in which purine base is linked to a ribose (beta-D-ribofuranose) molecule.


go_id: GO:0046130
term: purine ribonucleoside catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any purine ribonucleoside, a nucleoside in which purine base is linked to a ribose (beta-D-ribofuranose) molecule.


go_id: GO:0046131
term: pyrimidine ribonucleoside metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving any ribonucleoside, a nucleoside in which pyrimidine base is linked to a ribose (beta-D-ribofuranose) molecule.


go_id: GO:0046132
term: pyrimidine ribonucleoside biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any ribonucleoside, a nucleoside in which a pyrimidine base is linked to a ribose (beta-D-ribofuranose) molecule.


go_id: GO:0046133
term: pyrimidine ribonucleoside catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any ribonucleoside, a nucleoside in which a pyrimidine base is linked to a ribose (beta-D-ribofuranose) molecule.


go_id: GO:0046134
term: pyrimidine nucleoside biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a pyrimidine base covalently bonded to a sugar ribose (a ribonucleoside) or deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside).


go_id: GO:0046135
term: pyrimidine nucleoside catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a pyrimidine base covalently bonded to a sugar ribose (a ribonucleoside) or deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside).


go_id: GO:0046136
term: positive regulation of vitamin metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a vitamin, one of a number of unrelated organic substances that occur in many foods in small amounts and that are necessary in trace amounts for the normal metabolic functioning of the body.


go_id: GO:0046137
term: negative regulation of vitamin metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a vitamin, one of a number of unrelated organic substances that occur in many foods in small amounts and that are necessary in trace amounts for the normal metabolic functioning of the body.


go_id: GO:0046140
term: corrin biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of corrin, C19H22N4, the fundamental heterocyclic skeleton of the corrinoids. It consists of four reduced pyrrole rings joined into a macrocyclic ring. Corrin is the core of the vitamin B12 molecule.


go_id: GO:0046141
term: corrin catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of corrin, C19H22N4, the fundamental heterocyclic skeleton of the corrinoids. It consists of four reduced pyrrole rings joined into a macrocyclic ring. Corrin is the core of the vitamin B12 molecule.


go_id: GO:0046145
term: D-alanine family amino acid biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of D-alanine and related amino acids.


go_id: GO:0046146
term: tetrahydrobiopterin metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving tetrahydrobiopterin, the reduced form of biopterin (2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-(1,2-dihydroxypropyl)-pteridine). It functions as a hydroxylation coenzyme, e.g. in the conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine.


go_id: GO:0046147
term: tetrahydrobiopterin catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tetrahydrobiopterin, the reduced form of biopterin (2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-(1,2-dihydroxypropyl)-pteridine). It functions as a hydroxylation coenzyme, e.g. in the conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine.


go_id: GO:0046148
term: pigment biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a pigment, any general or particular coloring matter in living organisms, e.g. melanin.


go_id: GO:0046149
term: pigment catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a pigment, any general or particular coloring matter in living organisms, e.g. melanin.


go_id: GO:0046150
term: melanin catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of melanins, pigments largely of animal origin. High molecular weight polymers of indole quinone, they are irregular polymeric structures and are divided into three groups: allomelanins in the plant kingdom and eumelanins and phaeomelanins in the animal kingdom.


go_id: GO:0046151
term: eye pigment catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of eye pigments, any general or particular coloring matter in living organisms, found or utilized in the eye.


go_id: GO:0046152
term: ommochrome metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving ommochromes, any of a large group of natural polycyclic pigments commonly found in the Arthropoda, particularly in the ommatidia of the compound eye.


go_id: GO:0046153
term: ommochrome catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ommochromes, any of a large group of natural polycyclic pigments commonly found in the Arthropoda, particularly in the ommatidia of the compound eye.


go_id: GO:0046154
term: rhodopsin metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving rhodopsin, a brilliant purplish-red, light-sensitive visual pigment found in the rod cells of the retinas.


go_id: GO:0046155
term: rhodopsin catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of rhodopsin, a brilliant purplish-red, light-sensitive visual pigment found in the rod cells of the retinas.


go_id: GO:0046156
term: siroheme metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving siroheme, a tetrahydroporphyrin with adjacent, reduced pyrrole rings.


go_id: GO:0046157
term: siroheme catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of siroheme, a tetrahydroporphyrin with adjacent, reduced pyrrole rings.


go_id: GO:0046158
term: ocellus pigment metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving ocellus pigments, any general or particular coloring matter in living organisms, found or utilized in the ocellus, a minute simple eye found in many invertebrates.


go_id: GO:0046159
term: ocellus pigment catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ocellus pigments, any general or particular coloring matter in living organisms, found or utilized in the ocellus, a minute simple eye found in many invertebrates.


go_id: GO:0046161
term: heme a catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of heme a, a derivative of heme found in cytochrome aa3.


go_id: GO:0046162
term: heme C metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving heme c, a derivative of heme found in cytochromes c, b4, and f.


go_id: GO:0046163
term: heme C catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of heme C, a derivative of heme found in cytochromes c, b4, and f.


go_id: GO:0046164
term: alcohol catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom.


go_id: GO:0046165
term: alcohol biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom.


go_id: GO:0046166
term: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, an important intermediate in glycolysis.


go_id: GO:0046167
term: glycerol-3-phosphate biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycerol-3-phosphate, a phosphoric monoester of glycerol.


go_id: GO:0046168
term: glycerol-3-phosphate catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerol-3-phosphate, a phosphoric monoester of glycerol.


go_id: GO:0046169
term: methanol biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of methanol, CH3-OH, a colorless, flammable, mobile, poisonous liquid, widely used as a solvent.


go_id: GO:0046170
term: methanol catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of methanol, CH3-OH, a colorless, flammable, mobile, poisonous liquid, widely used as a solvent.


go_id: GO:0046171
term: octanol biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of octanol, the 8-carbon alcohol with the formula C8H17OH.


go_id: GO:0046172
term: octanol catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of octanol, the 8-carbon alcohol with the formula C8H17OH.


go_id: GO:0046173
term: polyol biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a polyol, any alcohol containing three or more hydroxyl groups attached to saturated carbon atoms.


go_id: GO:0046174
term: polyol catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a polyol, any alcohol containing three or more hydroxyl groups attached to saturated carbon atoms.


go_id: GO:0046175
term: aldonic acid biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aldonic acid, a monocarboxylic acid with a chain of three or more carbon atoms, derived from an aldose by oxidation of the aldehydic group.


go_id: GO:0046176
term: aldonic acid catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aldonic acid, a monocarboxylic acid with a chain of three or more carbon atoms, derived from an aldose by oxidation of the aldehydic group.


go_id: GO:0046177
term: D-gluconate catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-gluconate, the anion of D-gluconic acid, the aldonic acid derived from glucose.


go_id: GO:0046178
term: D-gluconate biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of D-gluconate, the anion of D-gluconic acid, the aldonic acid derived from glucose.


go_id: GO:0046179
term: keto-D-gluconate biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of keto-D-gluconate, the anion of keto-D-gluconic acid, an aldonic acid derived from glucose.


go_id: GO:0046180
term: ketogluconate biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ketogluconate, the anion of ketogluconic acid, an aldonic acid derived from glucose containing a ketonic carbonyl group.


go_id: GO:0046181
term: ketogluconate catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ketogluconate, the anion of ketogluconic acid, an aldonic acid derived from glucose containing a ketonic carbonyl group.


go_id: GO:0046182
term: L-idonate biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-idonate, the anion of idonic acid, an aldonic acid derived from L-idose, an aldohexose which is epimeric with D-glucose.


go_id: GO:0046183
term: L-idonate catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-idonate, the anion of idonic acid, an aldonic acid derived from L-idose, an aldohexose which is epimeric with D-glucose.


go_id: GO:0046184
term: aldehyde biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aldehydes, any organic compound with the formula R-CH=O.


go_id: GO:0046185
term: aldehyde catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aldehydes, any organic compound with the formula R-CH=O.


go_id: GO:0046186
term: acetaldehyde biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acetaldehyde, a colorless, flammable liquid intermediate in the metabolism of alcohol.


go_id: GO:0046187
term: acetaldehyde catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetaldehyde, a colorless, flammable liquid intermediate in the metabolism of alcohol.


go_id: GO:0046188
term: methane catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of methane, a colorless, odorless, flammable gas with the formula CH4. It is the simplest of the alkanes.


go_id: GO:0046189
term: phenol-containing compound biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a phenol, any compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups directly attached to an aromatic carbon ring.


go_id: GO:0046190
term: aerobic phenol-containing compound biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a phenol, any compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups directly attached to an aromatic carbon ring, in the presence of oxygen.


go_id: GO:0046191
term: aerobic phenol-containing compound catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a phenol, any compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups directly attached to an aromatic carbon ring, in the presence of oxygen.


go_id: GO:0046192
term: anaerobic phenol-containing compound biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a phenol, any compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups directly attached to an aromatic carbon ring, in the absence of oxygen.


go_id: GO:0046193
term: anaerobic phenol-containing compound catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a phenol, any compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups directly attached to an aromatic carbon ring, in the absence of oxygen.


go_id: GO:0046196
term: 4-nitrophenol catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 4-nitrophenol, a nitroaromatic compound which is used in the production of dyes, leather treatment agents, fungicides and as an intermediate in the production of the insecticide parathion.


go_id: GO:0046197
term: orcinol biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of orcinol (5-methyl-1,3-benzenediol), an aromatic compound derived from the fermentation of lichen and synthesized by some higher plants.


go_id: GO:0046199
term: cresol catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cresol, a mixture of the aromatic alcohol isoforms o-, p-, and m-cresol, which is obtained from coal tar or petroleum. The isomers are used as disinfectants, textile scouring agents, surfactants and as intermediates in the manufacture of salicylaldehyde, coumarin, and herbicides as well as being a major component of creosote.


go_id: GO:0046201
term: cyanate biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cyanate, NCO-, the anion of cyanic acid.


go_id: GO:0046202
term: cyanide biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cyanide, NC-, the anion of hydrocyanic acid. Cyanide is a potent inhibitor of respiration.


go_id: GO:0046203
term: spermidine catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of spermidine, N-(3-aminopropyl)-1,4-diaminobutane.


go_id: GO:0046204
term: nor-spermidine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving nor-spermidine, a compound related to spermidine, N-(3-aminopropyl)-1,4-diaminobutane.


go_id: GO:0046205
term: nor-spermidine catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nor-spermidine, a compound related to spermidine, N-(3-aminopropyl)-1,4-diaminobutane.


go_id: GO:0046206
term: trypanothione metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving trypanothione (N1,N6,-bis(glutathionyl)spermidine), an essential redox intermediate in intracellular thiol redox regulation which also plays a role in protecting against oxidative stress.


go_id: GO:0046207
term: trypanothione catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of trypanothione (N1,N6,-bis(glutathionyl)spermidine), an essential redox intermediate in intracellular thiol redox regulation which also plays a role in protecting against oxidative stress.


go_id: GO:0046208
term: spermine catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of spermine, a polybasic amine found in human sperm, in ribosomes and in some viruses and involved in nucleic acid packaging.


go_id: GO:0046209
term: nitric oxide metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving nitric oxide, nitrogen monoxide (NO), a colorless gas only slightly soluble in water.


go_id: GO:0046210
term: nitric oxide catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nitric oxide, nitrogen monoxide (NO), a colorless gas only slightly soluble in water.


go_id: GO:0046211
term: (+)-camphor biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (+)-camphor, a bicyclic monoterpene ketone.


go_id: GO:0046213
term: methyl ethyl ketone catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of methyl ethyl ketone, a clear, colorless liquid with a fragrant, mint-like odor.


go_id: GO:0046214
term: enterobactin catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of enterobactin, a catechol-derived siderochrome of Enterobacteria; enterobactin (N',N',N''-(2,6,10-trioxo-1,5,9-triacyclodecane-3,7,11-triyl)tris(2,3-dihydroxy)benzamide) is a self-triester of 2,3-dihydroxy-N-benzoyl-L-serine and a product of the shikimate pathway.


go_id: GO:0046215
term: siderophore catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of siderophores, low molecular weight Fe(III)-chelating substances made by aerobic or facultatively anaerobic bacteria, especially when growing under iron deficient conditions. The complexes of Fe(3+)-siderophores have very high stability constants and are taken up by specific transport systems by microorganisms; the subsequent release of iron requires enzymatic action.


go_id: GO:0046216
term: indole phytoalexin catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of indole phytoalexins, any indole compound produced by plants as part of their defense response.


go_id: GO:0046217
term: indole phytoalexin metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving indole phytoalexins, any indole compound produced by plants as part of their defense response.


go_id: GO:0046219
term: indolalkylamine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of indolalkylamines, indole or indole derivatives containing a primary, secondary, or tertiary amine group.


go_id: GO:0046220
term: pyridine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pyridine, a nitrogenous base (C5H5N) obtained from the distillation of bone oil or coal tar, and by the decomposition of certain alkaloids, as a colorless liquid with a peculiar pungent odor.


go_id: GO:0046221
term: pyridine catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pyridine, a nitrogenous base (C5H5N) obtained from the distillation of bone oil or coal tar, and by the decomposition of certain alkaloids, as a colorless liquid with a peculiar pungent odor.


go_id: GO:0046222
term: aflatoxin metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving aflatoxin, a fungal metabolite found as a contaminant in moldy grains that induces liver cancer. Aflatoxin induces a G to T transversion at codon 249 of p53, leading to its inactivation. Aflatoxin is converted to a chemical carcinogen by P450.


go_id: GO:0046223
term: aflatoxin catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aflatoxin, a fungal metabolite found as a contaminant in moldy grains that induces liver cancer. Aflatoxin induces a G to T transversion at codon 249 of p53, leading to its inactivation. Aflatoxin is converted to a chemical carcinogen by P450.


go_id: GO:0046224
term: bacteriocin metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving bacteriocins, any of a heterogeneous group of polypeptide antibiotics that are secreted by certain bacterial strains and are able to kill cells of other susceptible (frequently related) strains after adsorption at specific receptors on the cell surface. They include the colicins, and their mechanisms of action vary.


go_id: GO:0046225
term: bacteriocin catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a bacteriocin, any of a heterogeneous group of polypeptide antibiotics that are secreted by certain bacterial strains and are able to kill cells of other susceptible (frequently related) strains after adsorption at specific receptors on the cell surface. They include the colicins, and their mechanisms of action vary.


go_id: GO:0046226
term: coumarin catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of coumarins, compounds derived from the phenylacrylic skeleton of cinnamic acids.


go_id: GO:0046228
term: 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, a chlorinated aromatic compound widely used as a herbicide.


go_id: GO:0046230
term: 2-aminobenzenesulfonate catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2-aminobenzenesulfonate, an aromatic sulfonate used in organic synthesis and in the manufacture of various dyes and medicines.


go_id: GO:0046232
term: carbazole catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbazole, a heterocyclic aromatic compound containing a dibenzopyrrole system that is produced during coal gasification and is present in cigarette smoke. Coal tar produced at high temperature contains an average of 1.5% carbazole. It is used widely in synthesis of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and plastics and is a suspected carcinogen.


go_id: GO:0046236
term: mandelate biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mandelate, the anion of mandelic acid. Mandelic acid (alpha-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid) is an 8-carbon alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) that is used in organic chemistry and as a urinary antiseptic.


go_id: GO:0046239
term: phthalate catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phthalate, the anion of phthalic acid.


go_id: GO:0046244
term: salicylic acid catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of salicylic acid (2-hydroxybenzoic acid), a derivative of benzoic acid.


go_id: GO:0046246
term: terpene biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of terpenes, any of a large group of hydrocarbons made up of isoprene units.


go_id: GO:0046247
term: terpene catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of terpenes, any of a large group of hydrocarbons made up of isoprene units.


go_id: GO:0046248
term: alpha-pinene biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of alpha-pinene, a monoterpene that may be a significant factor affecting bacterial activities in nature.


go_id: GO:0046249
term: alpha-pinene catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of alpha-pinene, a monoterpene that may be a significant factor affecting bacterial activities in nature.


go_id: GO:0046250
term: limonene biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of limonene (4-isopropenyl-1-methyl-cyclohexene), a monocyclic monoterpene.


go_id: GO:0046251
term: limonene catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of limonene (4-isopropenyl-1-methyl-cyclohexene), a monocyclic monoterpene.


go_id: GO:0046252
term: toluene biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of toluene, a volatile monoaromatic hydrocarbon found in crude petroleum and petroleum products.


go_id: GO:0046253
term: anaerobic toluene biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of toluene, a volatile monoaromatic hydrocarbon found in crude petroleum and petroleum products, in the absence of oxygen.


go_id: GO:0046254
term: anaerobic toluene catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of toluene, a volatile monoaromatic hydrocarbon found in crude petroleum and petroleum products, in the absence of oxygen.


go_id: GO:0046256
term: 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, 1-methyl-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene, a highly explosive pale yellow crystalline solid.


go_id: GO:0046258
term: anaerobic 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, 1-methyl-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene, a highly explosive pale yellow crystalline solid, in the absence of oxygen.


go_id: GO:0046260
term: trinitrotoluene catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of trinitrotoluene, a methylated benzene entity with three NO2 groups attached to it. This includes the explosive TNT, 1-methyl-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene.


go_id: GO:0046263
term: nitrotoluene catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nitrotoluene, any methylbenzene molecule with NO2 group(s) attached.


go_id: GO:0046265
term: thiocyanate catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of thiocyanate, any anion of thiocyanic acid.


go_id: GO:0046267
term: triethanolamine catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of triethanolamine, a combustible, hygroscopic, colorless liquid commonly used in dry-cleaning solutions, cosmetics, detergents, textile processing, wool scouring, and as a corrosion inhibitor and pharmaceutical alkalizing agent.


go_id: GO:0046269
term: toluene-4-sulfonate catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of toluene-4-sulfonate, 4-methylbenzenesulfonate, the anion of sulfonic acid attached to a methylbenzene molecule.


go_id: GO:0046271
term: phenylpropanoid catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aromatic derivatives of trans-cinnamic acid.


go_id: GO:0046272
term: stilbene catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of stilbenes, a class of polyketide compounds formed from cinnamic acid and three molecules of malonyl CoA.


go_id: GO:0046273
term: lignan catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lignans, any member of a class of plant metabolites related to lignins. Lignans are usually found as phenylpropanoid dimers in which the phenylpropanoid units are linked tail to tail and thus having a 2,3 dibenzylbutane skeleton, but higher oligomers can also exist.


go_id: GO:0046274
term: lignin catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lignins, a class of polymers of phenylpropanoid units.


go_id: GO:0046275
term: flavonoid catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of flavonoids, a group of phenolic derivatives containing a flavan skeleton.


go_id: GO:0046276
term: methylgallate catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of methylgallate, trihydroxymethylbenzoate, the anion of methylgallic acid.


go_id: GO:0046277
term: methylgallate biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of methylgallate, trihydroxymethylbenzoate, the anion of methylgallic acid.


go_id: GO:0046278
term: 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving protocatechuate, the anion of protocatechuic acid (3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid).


go_id: GO:0046280
term: chalcone catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of chalcone, phenyl steryl ketone or its hydroxylated derivatives.


go_id: GO:0046281
term: cinnamic acid catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cinnamic acid, 3-phenyl-2-propenoic acid.


go_id: GO:0046282
term: cinnamic acid ester catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ester derivatives of cinnamic acid, phenylpropenoic acid.


go_id: GO:0046283
term: anthocyanin-containing compound metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving anthocyanins, any member of a group of intensely colored soluble glycosides of anthocyanidins that occur in plants. They are responsible from most of the scarlet, purple, mauve and blue coloring in higher plants, especially of flowers.


go_id: GO:0046284
term: anthocyanin-containing compound catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of anthocyanins, any member of a group of intensely colored soluble glycosides of anthocyanidins.


go_id: GO:0046285
term: flavonoid phytoalexin metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving flavonoid phytoalexins, a group of water-soluble phenolic derivatives containing a flavan skeleton, which possess antibiotic activity and are produced by plant tissues in response to infection.


go_id: GO:0046286
term: flavonoid phytoalexin catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of flavonoid phytoalexins, a group of water-soluble phenolic derivatives containing a flavan skeleton, which possess antibiotic activity and are produced by plant tissues in response to infection.


go_id: GO:0046287
term: isoflavonoid metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving isoflavonoids, a group of water-soluble phenolic derivatives, isomeric with flavonoids, containing a flavan skeleton. They are differentiated from flavonoids by the point of attachment of the aromatic ring group.


go_id: GO:0046288
term: isoflavonoid catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of isoflavonoids, a group of water-soluble phenolic derivatives, isomeric with flavonoids.


go_id: GO:0046289
term: isoflavonoid phytoalexin metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving isoflavonoid phytoalexins, a group of water-soluble phenolic derivatives isomeric with flavonoids that possess antibiotic activity and are produced by plant tissues in response to infection.


go_id: GO:0046290
term: isoflavonoid phytoalexin catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of isoflavonoid phytoalexins, a group of water-soluble phenolic derivatives isomeric with flavonoids that possess antibiotic activity and are produced by plant tissues in response to infection.


go_id: GO:0046292
term: formaldehyde metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving formaldehyde (methanal, H2C=O), a colorless liquid or gas with a pungent odor, commonly used as a fixative or an antibacterial agent.


go_id: GO:0046293
term: formaldehyde biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of formaldehyde (methanal, H2C=O), the simplest aldehyde.


go_id: GO:0046294
term: formaldehyde catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of formaldehyde (methanal, H2C=O), the simplest aldehyde.


go_id: GO:0046295
term: glycolate biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycolate, the anion of hydroxyethanoic acid (glycolic acid).


go_id: GO:0046296
term: glycolate catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycolate, the anion of hydroxyethanoic acid (glycolic acid).


go_id: GO:0046298
term: 2,4-dichlorobenzoate catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2,4-dichlorobenzoate, a chlorinated aromatic compound which is a key intermediate in the aerobic degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).


go_id: GO:0046300
term: 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, a chlorinated phenoxy compound which functions as a systemic herbicide and is used to control many types of broadleaf weeds.


go_id: GO:0046302
term: 2-chloro-N-isopropylacetanilide catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2-chloro-N-isopropylacetanilide, an acylanide herbicide widely used to protect corn, onion, cabbage, rose bushes, and ornamental plants.


go_id: GO:0046304
term: 2-nitropropane catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2-nitropropane, a clear, colorless liquid with a mild, fruity odor.


go_id: GO:0046305
term: alkanesulfonate biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of alkanesulfonates, the anion of alkanesulfonic acids, sulfonic acid derivatives containing an aliphatic hydrocarbon group.


go_id: GO:0046306
term: alkanesulfonate catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of alkanesulfonates, the anion of alkanesulfonic acids, sulfonic acid derivatives containing an aliphatic hydrocarbon group.


go_id: GO:0046307
term: Z-phenylacetaldoxime biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of Z-phenylacetaldoxime, a member of the glucosinolate group of compounds.


go_id: GO:0046308
term: Z-phenylacetaldoxime catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of Z-phenylacetaldoxime, a member of the glucosinolate group of compounds.


go_id: GO:0046309
term: 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol (DCP), a halohydrin suspected of being carcinogenic, mutagenic and genotoxic.


go_id: GO:0046310
term: 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol (DCP), a halohydrin suspected of being carcinogenic, mutagenic and genotoxic.


go_id: GO:0046311
term: prenylcysteine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of prenylcysteine, 3-methyl-2-buten-1-yl-cysteine, a derivative of the amino acid cysteine formed by the covalent addition of a prenyl residue.


go_id: GO:0046312
term: phosphoarginine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphoarginine, a phosphorylated derivative of the amino acid arginine.


go_id: GO:0046313
term: phosphoarginine catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphoarginine, a phosphorylated derivative of the amino acid arginine.


go_id: GO:0046314
term: phosphocreatine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphocreatine, a phosphagen of creatine which is synthesized and broken down by creatine phosphokinase.


go_id: GO:0046315
term: phosphocreatine catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphocreatine, a phosphagen of creatine which is synthesized and broken down by creatine phosphokinase.


go_id: GO:0046317
term: regulation of glucosylceramide biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucosylceramide.


go_id: GO:0046318
term: negative regulation of glucosylceramide biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucosylceramide.


go_id: GO:0046319
term: positive regulation of glucosylceramide biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucosylceramide.


go_id: GO:0046324
term: regulation of glucose import
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the import of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into a cell or organelle.


go_id: GO:0046325
term: negative regulation of glucose import
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the import of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into a cell or organelle.


go_id: GO:0046326
term: positive regulation of glucose import
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the import of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into a cell or organelle.


go_id: GO:0046327
term: glycerol biosynthetic process from pyruvate
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycerol, 1,2,3-propanetriol, from other compounds, including pyruvate.


go_id: GO:0046328
term: regulation of JNK cascade
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the JNK cascade.


go_id: GO:0046329
term: negative regulation of JNK cascade
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the JNK cascade.


go_id: GO:0046330
term: positive regulation of JNK cascade
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the JNK cascade.


go_id: GO:0046331
term: lateral inhibition
ontology: BP
definition:
Signaling between cells of equivalent developmental potential that results in these cells adopting different developmental fates. An example is the suppression by cells with a particular fate of the adoption of the same fate by surrounding cells.


go_id: GO:0046333
term: octopamine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving octopamine, 1-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-aminoethanol. The D enantiomer is about one-tenth as active as norepinephrine and is found in the salivary glands of Octopus and Eledone species.


go_id: GO:0046334
term: octopamine catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of octopamine, 1-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-aminoethanol. The D enantiomer is about one-tenth as active as norepinephrine and is found in the salivary glands of Octopus and Eledone species.


go_id: GO:0046335
term: ethanolamine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ethanolamine (2-aminoethanol), an important water-soluble base of phospholipid (phosphatidylethanolamine).


go_id: GO:0046336
term: ethanolamine catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ethanolamine (2-aminoethanol), an important water-soluble base of phospholipid (phosphatidylethanolamine).


go_id: GO:0046337
term: phosphatidylethanolamine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidylethanolamine, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which a phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of ethanolamine. It is a major structural phospholipid in mammalian systems. It tends to be more abundant than phosphatidylcholine in the internal membranes of the cell and is an abundant component of prokaryotic membranes.


go_id: GO:0046338
term: phosphatidylethanolamine catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphatidylethanolamine, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which a phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of ethanolamine.


go_id: GO:0046339
term: diacylglycerol metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving diacylglycerol, a glyceride in which any two of the R groups (positions not specified) are acyl groups while the remaining R group can be either H or an alkyl group.


go_id: GO:0046340
term: diacylglycerol catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of diacylglycerol, a glyceride in which any two of the R groups (positions not specified) are acyl groups while the remaining R group can be either H or an alkyl group.


go_id: GO:0046341
term: CDP-diacylglycerol metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving CDP-diacylglycerol, CDP-1,2-diacylglycerol, a substance composed of diacylglycerol in glycosidic linkage with cytidine diphosphate. It is a common intermediate in phospholipid biosynthesis.


go_id: GO:0046342
term: CDP-diacylglycerol catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of CDP-diacylglycerol, CDP-1,2-diacylglycerol, a substance composed of diacylglycerol in glycosidic linkage with cytidine diphosphate.


go_id: GO:0046343
term: streptomycin metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving streptomycin, a commonly used antibiotic in cell culture media. It acts only on prokaryotes and blocks transition from initiation complex to chain elongating ribosome.


go_id: GO:0046344
term: ecdysteroid catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ecdysteroids, a group of polyhydroxylated ketosteroids which initiate post-embryonic development.


go_id: GO:0046345
term: abscisic acid catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of abscisic acid, 5-(1-hydroxy-2,6,6,trimethyl-4-oxocyclohex-2-en-1-y1)-3-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid.


go_id: GO:0046346
term: mannosamine catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of mannosomine, 2-amino-2-deoxymannose; the D-isomer is a constituent of neuraminic acids as well as mucolipids and mucoproteins.


go_id: GO:0046347
term: mannosamine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mannosomine, 2-amino-2-deoxymannose; the D-isomer is a constituent of neuraminic acids as well as mucolipids and mucoproteins.


go_id: GO:0046348
term: amino sugar catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any amino sugar, sugars containing an amino group in place of a hydroxyl group.


go_id: GO:0046349
term: amino sugar biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any amino sugar, sugars containing an amino group in place of a hydroxyl group.


go_id: GO:0046350
term: galactosaminoglycan metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactosaminoglycans, any one of a group of polysaccharides that contain amino sugars derived from the galactose.


go_id: GO:0046351
term: disaccharide biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of disaccharides, sugars composed of two monosaccharide units.


go_id: GO:0046352
term: disaccharide catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of disaccharides, sugars composed of two monosaccharide units.


go_id: GO:0046353
term: aminoglycoside 3-N-acetyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + aminoglycoside = CoA + 3-N-acetylaminoglycoside. This is acetylation of the 3-amino group of the central deoxystreptamine ring.


go_id: GO:0046354
term: mannan biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mannan, the main hemicellulose of soft (coniferous) wood, made up of D-mannose, D-glucose and D-galactose.


go_id: GO:0046355
term: mannan catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of mannan, the main hemicellulose of soft (coniferous) wood, made up of D-mannose, D-glucose and D-galactose.


go_id: GO:0046356
term: acetyl-CoA catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetyl-CoA, a derivative of coenzyme A in which the sulfhydryl group is acetylated.


go_id: GO:0046357
term: galactarate biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of galactarate, the anion of galactaric acid.


go_id: GO:0046358
term: butyrate biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of butyrate, the anion of butyric acid.


go_id: GO:0046359
term: butyrate catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of butyrate, the anion of butyric acid.


go_id: GO:0046360
term: 2-oxobutyrate biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 2-oxobutyrate, the anion of the organic acid 2-oxobutyric acid, which contains a ketone group on carbon 2.


go_id: GO:0046361
term: 2-oxobutyrate metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2-oxobutyrate, the anion of the organic acid 2-oxobutyric acid, which contains a ketone group on carbon 2.


go_id: GO:0046362
term: ribitol biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ribitol, a pentitol derived formally by reduction of the -CHO group of either D- or L-ribose.


go_id: GO:0046363
term: ribitol catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ribitol, a pentitol derived formally by reduction of the -CHO group of either D- or L-ribose.


go_id: GO:0046364
term: monosaccharide biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of monosaccharides, polyhydric alcohols containing either an aldehyde or a keto group and between three to ten or more carbon atoms.


go_id: GO:0046365
term: monosaccharide catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of monosaccharides, polyhydric alcohols containing either an aldehyde or a keto group and between three to ten or more carbon atoms.


go_id: GO:0046366
term: allose biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of allose, allo-hexose, an aldohexose similar to glucose, differing only in the configuration of the hydroxyl group of C-3.


go_id: GO:0046367
term: allose catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of allose, allo-hexose, an aldohexose similar to glucose, differing only in the configuration of the hydroxyl group of C-3.


go_id: GO:0046368
term: GDP-L-fucose metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving GDP-L-fucose, a substance composed of L-fucose in glycosidic linkage with guanosine diphosphate.


go_id: GO:0046369
term: galactose biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of galactose, the aldohexose galacto-hexose.


go_id: GO:0046370
term: fructose biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of fructose, the ketohexose arabino-2-hexulose.


go_id: GO:0046371
term: dTDP-mannose metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dTDP-mannose, a substance composed of mannose in glycosidic linkage with deoxyribosylthymine diphosphate.


go_id: GO:0046372
term: D-arabinose metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-arabinose, the D-enantiomer of arabino-pentose. D-arabinose occurs in plant glycosides and is a constituent of arabinonucleosides.


go_id: GO:0046373
term: L-arabinose metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-arabinose, the D-enantiomer of arabino-pentose. L-arabinose occurs free, e.g. in the heartwood of many conifers, and in the combined state, in both furanose and pyranose forms, as a constituent of various plant hemicelluloses, bacterial polysaccharides etc.


go_id: GO:0046374
term: teichoic acid metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving teichoic acid, any polymer occurring in the cell wall, membrane or capsule of Gram-positive bacteria and containing chains of glycerol phosphate or ribitol phosphate residues.


go_id: GO:0046375
term: K antigen metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving K antigen, a capsular polysaccharide antigen carried on the surface of bacterial capsules that masks somatic (O) antigens.


go_id: GO:0046376
term: GDP-alpha-D-mannosylchitobiosyldiphosphodolichol metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving GDP-alpha-D-mannosylchitobiosyldiphosphodolichol, a substance composed of mannosylchitobiosyldiphosphodolichol in glycosidic linkage with guanosine diphosphate.


go_id: GO:0046377
term: colanic acid metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving colanic acid, a capsular bacterial polysaccharide composed of glucose, galactose, fucose and glucuronic acid residues.


go_id: GO:0046378
term: enterobacterial common antigen metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving enterobacterial common antigen, an acidic polysaccharide containing N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, N-acetyl-D-mannosaminouronic acid, and 4-acetamido-4,6-dideoxy-D-galactose. A major component of the cell wall outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.


go_id: GO:0046380
term: N-acetylneuraminate biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of N-acetylneuraminate, the anion of 5-(acetylamino)-3,5-dideoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-non-3-ulosonic acid.


go_id: GO:0046381
term: CMP-N-acetylneuraminate metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving CMP-N-acetylneuraminate, a substance composed of 5-(acetylamino)-3,5-dideoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-non-3-ulosonic acid in glycosidic linkage with cytidine monophosphate.


go_id: GO:0046382
term: GDP-D-rhamnose metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving GDP-D-rhamnose, a substance composed of rhamnose in glycosidic linkage with guanosine diphosphate.


go_id: GO:0046383
term: dTDP-rhamnose metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dTDP-rhamnose, a substance composed of rhamnose in glycosidic linkage with deoxyribosylthymine diphosphate.


go_id: GO:0046384
term: 2-deoxyribose 1-phosphate metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2-deoxyribose 1-phosphate, the phosphorylated sugar 1-phospho-2-deoxyribose.


go_id: GO:0046385
term: deoxyribose phosphate biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of deoxyribose phosphate, the phosphorylated sugar 2-deoxy-erythro-pentose.


go_id: GO:0046386
term: deoxyribose phosphate catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of deoxyribose phosphate, the phosphorylated sugar 2-deoxy-erythro-pentose.


go_id: GO:0046387
term: deoxyribose 1,5-bisphosphate metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving deoxyribose 1,5-bisphosphate, the diphosphorylated sugar 1,5-diphospho-2-deoxyribose.


go_id: GO:0046389
term: deoxyribose 5-phosphate metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving deoxyribose 5-phosphate, the phosphorylated sugar 5-phospho-2-deoxyribose.


go_id: GO:0046390
term: ribose phosphate biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ribose phosphate, any phosphorylated ribose sugar.


go_id: GO:0046391
term: 5-phosphoribose 1-diphosphate metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 5-phosphoribose 1-diphosphate, also known as 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate.


go_id: GO:0046392
term: galactarate catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galactarate, the anion of galactaric acid.


go_id: GO:0046394
term: carboxylic acid biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one or more carboxyl (-COOH) groups.


go_id: GO:0046395
term: carboxylic acid catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one or more carboxyl (-COOH) groups.


go_id: GO:0046396
term: D-galacturonate metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-galacturonate, the D-enantiomer of galacturonate, the anion of galacturonic acid. D-galacturonic acid is a component of plant gums and bacterial cell walls.


go_id: GO:0046397
term: galacturonate catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galacturonate, the anion of galacturonic acid.


go_id: GO:0046398
term: UDP-glucuronate metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving UDP-glucuronate, a substance composed of glucuronic acid in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.


go_id: GO:0046399
term: glucuronate biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucuronate, the anion of glucuronic acid.


go_id: GO:0046400
term: keto-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving keto-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid, an acidic sugar present in lipopolysaccharides of the outer membranes of some Gram-negative bacteria.


go_id: GO:0046401
term: lipopolysaccharide core region metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the core region of bacterial lipopolysaccharides, which contains ten saccharide residues. The structure of this core oligosaccharide appears to be similar in closely related bacterial strains.


go_id: GO:0046402
term: O antigen metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving the O side chain of a lipopolysaccharide, which determines the antigenic specificity of the organism. It is made up of about 50 repeating units of a branched tetrasaccharide.


go_id: GO:0046403
term: polynucleotide 3'-phosphatase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phosphopolynucleotide + H2O = a polynucleotide + phosphate. Hydrolyzes the free 3'-phosphate resulting from single strand breaks in DNA due to oxidative damage.


go_id: GO:0046406
term: magnesium protoporphyrin IX methyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) + magnesium protoporphyrin IX = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H(+) + magnesium protoporphyrin IX 13-monomethyl ester.


go_id: GO:0046408
term: chlorophyll synthetase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: chlorophyllide a + 2 H(+) + phytyl diphosphate = chlorophyll a + diphosphate.


go_id: GO:0046409
term: p-coumarate 3-hydroxylase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: shikimate or quinate ester of p-coumaric acid + NADPH + H+ + O2 = caffeic acid conjugate (caffeoyl shikimic acid or chlorogenic acid) + H2O + NADP+.


go_id: GO:0046411
term: 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate transmembrane transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other.


go_id: GO:0046412
term: phenylmercury acetate metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving phenylmercury acetate, an organomercurial compound composed of a mercury atom attached to a benzene ring and an acetate group.


go_id: GO:0046413
term: organomercury catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of organomercury compounds, any organic compound containing a mercury atom.


go_id: GO:0046414
term: organomercury biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of organomercury compounds, any organic compound containing a mercury atom.


go_id: GO:0046415
term: urate metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving urate, the anion of uric acid, 2,6,8-trioxypurine, the end product of purine metabolism in certain mammals and the main excretory product in uricotelic animals.


go_id: GO:0046417
term: chorismate metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving chorismate, the anion of (3R-trans)-3-((1-carboxyethenyl)oxy)-4-hydroxy-1,5-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxylic acid.


go_id: GO:0046418
term: nopaline metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving nopaline, (N-(I-carboxy-4-guanidinobutyl)glutamic acid), a rare amino-acid derivative.


go_id: GO:0046419
term: octopine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving octopine, (N-(1-carboxy-4-guanidinobutyl)-L-alanine), an amino acid derived opine.


go_id: GO:0046422
term: violaxanthin de-epoxidase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: violaxanthin + 2 ascorbate = zeaxanthin + 2 dehydroascorbate + 2 H2O; and antheraxanthin + ascorbate = zeaxanthin + dehydroascorbate + H2O.


go_id: GO:0046423
term: allene-oxide cyclase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: (9Z,13S,15Z)-12,13-epoxyoctadeca-9,11,15-trienoate = (15Z)-12-oxophyto-10,15-dienoate.


go_id: GO:0046426
term: negative regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT.


go_id: GO:0046427
term: positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway activity.


go_id: GO:0046428
term: 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate octaprenyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate + polyprenylpyrophosphate = dimethylmenaquinone + diphosphate + CO2.


go_id: GO:0046429
term: 4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate synthase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate + H2O + 2 oxidized ferredoxin = 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate + 2 reduced ferredoxin.


go_id: GO:0046431
term: (R)-4-hydroxymandelate metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving (R)-4-hydroxymandelate, the anion of a hydroxylated derivative of mandelate (alpha-hydroxybenzeneacetate).


go_id: GO:0046432
term: 2'-(5''-triphosphoribosyl)-3'-dephospho-CoA metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2'-(5''-triphosphoribosyl)-3'-dephospho-CoA, a derivative of coenzyme A.


go_id: GO:0046433
term: 2-aminoethylphosphonate metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2-aminoethylphosphonate, most abundant and ubiquitous of naturally occurring phosphonates. It is typically found as a conjugate of glycans, lipids, and proteins, which in turn perform essential biochemical functions in specialized lower organisms.


go_id: GO:0046434
term: organophosphate catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of organophosphates, any phosphate-containing organic compound.


go_id: GO:0046435
term: 3-(3-hydroxy)phenylpropionate metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving 3-(3-hydroxy)phenylpropionate, a hydroxylated derivative of phenylpropionate.


go_id: GO:0046436
term: D-alanine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-alanine, the D-enantiomer of the amino acid alanine, i.e. (2R)-2-aminopropanoic acid.


go_id: GO:0046437
term: D-amino acid biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of D-amino acids, the D-enantiomers of amino acids.


go_id: GO:0046438
term: D-cysteine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-cysteine, (S)-2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid, which occurs naturally in firefly luciferin.


go_id: GO:0046439
term: L-cysteine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-cysteine, the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid, i.e. (2R)-2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid.


go_id: GO:0046440
term: L-lysine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-lysine, the L-enantiomer of (S)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid, i.e. (2S)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid.


go_id: GO:0046441
term: D-lysine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-lysine, the D-enantiomer of lysine; i.e. (2R)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid.


go_id: GO:0046442
term: aerobactin metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving aerobactin (C22H36N4O13), a hydroxamate iron transport compound. It is a conjugate of 6-(N-acetyl-N-hydroxylamine)-2-aminohexanoic acid and citric acid.


go_id: GO:0046443
term: FAD metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving FAD, the oxidized form of flavin adenine dinucleotide.


go_id: GO:0046444
term: FMN metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving FMN, riboflavin 5'-(dihydrogen phosphate), a coenzyme for a number of oxidative enzymes including NADH dehydrogenase.


go_id: GO:0046445
term: benzyl isoquinoline alkaloid metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving benzyl isoquinoline alkaloids, compounds with bicyclic N-containing aromatic rings.


go_id: GO:0046446
term: purine alkaloid metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine alkaloids, compounds derived from purine and composed of an N-containing double ring structure.


go_id: GO:0046447
term: terpenoid indole alkaloid metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving terpenoid indole alkaloids, compounds formed from the condensation of tryptamine (derived from tryptophan) and secologanin (derived from geranyl pyrophosphate).


go_id: GO:0046448
term: tropane alkaloid metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving tropane alkaloids, compounds containing the 8-methyl-8-azabicyclo(3.2.1)octane ring system.


go_id: GO:0046449
term: creatinine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving creatinine, 2-amino-1,5-dihydro-1-methyl-4H-imidazol-4-one, an end product of creatine metabolism and a normal constituent of urine.


go_id: GO:0046450
term: dethiobiotin metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dethiobiotin, a derivative of biotin formed by replacing the sulfur atom by two hydrogen atoms.


go_id: GO:0046451
term: diaminopimelate metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving diaminopimelate, the anion of the dicarboxylic acid 2,6-diaminoheptanedioic acid. It is an intermediate in lysine biosynthesis and as a component (as meso-diaminopimelate) of the peptidoglycan of Gram-negative bacterial cell walls.


go_id: GO:0046452
term: dihydrofolate metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dihydrofolate, the dihydroxylated derivative of folate.


go_id: GO:0046453
term: dipyrrin metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dipyrrins (pyrromethanes), compounds containing two pyrrole rings linked through a methine, -CH=, group.


go_id: GO:0046454
term: dimethylsilanediol metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dimethylsilanediol, the smallest member of the dialkylsilanediols. Dimethylsilanediol is the monomer of polydimethylsiloxane, a compound which can be found in a wide range of industrial and consumer products.


go_id: GO:0046455
term: organosilicon catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of organosilicons, any organic compound that contains silicon.


go_id: GO:0046456
term: icosanoid biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of icosanoids, any of a group of C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids.


go_id: GO:0046457
term: prostanoid biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of prostanoids, any compound based on or derived from the prostanoate structure.


go_id: GO:0046460
term: neutral lipid biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of neutral lipids, lipids only soluble in solvents of very low polarity.


go_id: GO:0046461
term: neutral lipid catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of neutral lipids, lipids only soluble in solvents of very low polarity.


go_id: GO:0046462
term: monoacylglycerol metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving monoacylglycerol, any ester of glycerol in which any one of its hydroxyl groups has been acylated with a fatty acid, the other being non-esterified.


go_id: GO:0046463
term: acylglycerol biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acylglycerol, any mono-, di- or triester of glycerol with (one or more) fatty acids.


go_id: GO:0046464
term: acylglycerol catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acylglycerol, any mono-, di- or triester of glycerol with (one or more) fatty acids.


go_id: GO:0046465
term: dolichyl diphosphate metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dolichyl diphosphate, a diphosphorylated dolichol derivative. In eukaryotes, these function as carriers of mono- and oligosaccharide residues in the glycosylation of lipids and proteins within intracellular membranes.


go_id: GO:0046466
term: membrane lipid catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of membrane lipids, any lipid found in or associated with a biological membrane.


go_id: GO:0046467
term: membrane lipid biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of membrane lipids, any lipid found in or associated with a biological membrane.


go_id: GO:0046468
term: phosphatidyl-N-monomethylethanolamine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidyl-N-monomethylethanolamine (PMME), a derivative of phosphatidylethanolamine with a methylated amine group. Present in trace levels in plants and slightly higher in bacteria.


go_id: GO:0046469
term: platelet activating factor metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving platelet activating factor, 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine, where alkyl = hexadecyl or octadecyl. Platelet activating factor is an inflammatory mediator released from a variety of cells in response to various stimuli.


go_id: GO:0046470
term: phosphatidylcholine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidylcholines, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of choline. They are important constituents of cell membranes.


go_id: GO:0046471
term: phosphatidylglycerol metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidylglycerols, any of a class of phospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of glycerol. They are important constituents of cell membranes.


go_id: GO:0046473
term: phosphatidic acid metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidic acid, any derivative of glycerol phosphate in which both the remaining hydroxyl groups of the glycerol moiety are esterified with fatty acids.


go_id: GO:0046474
term: glycerophospholipid biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycerophospholipids, any derivative of glycerophosphate that contains at least one O-acyl, O-alkyl, or O-alkenyl group attached to the glycerol residue.


go_id: GO:0046475
term: glycerophospholipid catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerophospholipids, any derivative of glycerophosphate that contains at least one O-acyl, O-alkyl, or O-alkenyl group attached to the glycerol residue.


go_id: GO:0046476
term: glycosylceramide biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycosylceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic hydroxyl group of a cyclic form of a monosaccharide (or derivative) by a ceramide group.


go_id: GO:0046477
term: glycosylceramide catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycosylceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic hydroxyl group of a cyclic form of a monosaccharide (or derivative) by a ceramide group.


go_id: GO:0046478
term: lactosylceramide metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving lactosylceramides, Gal-beta-(1->4)-Glc-beta-(1->1') ceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic C1 hydroxyl group of lactose by a ceramide group. They are the precursors of both gangliosides and globosides.


go_id: GO:0046479
term: glycosphingolipid catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycosphingolipid, a compound with residues of sphingoid and at least one monosaccharide.


go_id: GO:0046480
term: galactolipid galactosyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: 2 mono-beta-D-galactosyldiacylglycerol = alpha-D-galactosyl-beta-D-galactosyldiacylglycerol + 1,2-diacylglycerol.


go_id: GO:0046481
term: digalactosyldiacylglycerol synthase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2-diacyl-3-beta-D-galactosyl-sn-glycerol + UDP-D-galactose = 3-[alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->6)-beta-D-galactosyl]-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + H(+) + UDP.


go_id: GO:0046482
term: para-aminobenzoic acid metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving para-aminobenzoic acid, an intermediate in the synthesis of folic acid, a compound which some organisms, e.g. prokaryotes, eukaryotic microbes, and plants, can synthesize de novo. Others, notably mammals, cannot. In yeast, it is present as a factor in the B complex of vitamins.


go_id: GO:0046483
term: heterocycle metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving heterocyclic compounds, those with a cyclic molecular structure and at least two different atoms in the ring (or rings).


go_id: GO:0046484
term: oxazole or thiazole metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving oxazole or thiazole, five-membered heterocyclic ring structures containing an oxygen and a sulfur, respectively, in the 1-position and a nitrogen in the 3-position.


go_id: GO:0046485
term: ether lipid metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving ether lipids, lipids that contain (normally) one lipid alcohol in ether linkage to one of the carbon atoms (normally C-1) of glycerol.


go_id: GO:0046486
term: glycerolipid metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycerolipids, any lipid with a glycerol backbone. Diacylglycerol and phosphatidate are key lipid intermediates of glycerolipid biosynthesis.


go_id: GO:0046488
term: phosphatidylinositol metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidylinositol, any glycophospholipid in which a sn-glycerol 3-phosphate residue is esterified to the 1-hydroxyl group of 1D-myo-inositol.


go_id: GO:0046490
term: isopentenyl diphosphate metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving isopentenyl diphosphate, an isomer of dimethylallyl diphosphate and the key precursor of all isoprenoids.


go_id: GO:0046491
term: L-methylmalonyl-CoA metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-methylmalonyl-CoA, the L-enantiomer of 2-carboxypropanoyl-CoA. S-methylmalonyl-CoA is an intermediate in the beta oxidation of odd-numbered fatty acids in animals.


go_id: GO:0046492
term: heme B metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving heme b, a Fe(II) porphyrin complex readily isolated from the hemoglobin of beef blood, but also found in other proteins including other hemoglobins, myoglobins, cytochromes P-450, catalases, peroxidases as well as b type cytochromes.


go_id: GO:0046493
term: lipid A metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipid A, the glycolipid group of bacterial lipopolysaccharides, consisting of four to six fatty acyl chains linked to two glucosamine residues. Further modifications of the backbone are common.


go_id: GO:0046494
term: rhizobactin 1021 metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving rhizobactin 1021, (E)-4-((3-(acetylhydroxyamino)propyl)-amino)-2-hydroxy-(2-(2-(3-(hydroxy(1-oxo-2-decenyl)amino)propyl)amino)-2-oxoethyl)-4-oxobutanoic acid, a siderophore produced by Sinorhizobium meliloti.


go_id: GO:0046495
term: nicotinamide riboside metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving nicotinamide riboside, the product of the formation of a glycosidic bond between ribose and nicotinamide.


go_id: GO:0046496
term: nicotinamide nucleotide metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving nicotinamide nucleotides, any nucleotide that contains combined nicotinamide.


go_id: GO:0046497
term: nicotinate nucleotide metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving nicotinamide nucleotides, any nucleotide that contains combined nicotinate (pyridine 3-carboxylic acid, or niacin).


go_id: GO:0046498
term: S-adenosylhomocysteine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving S-adenosylhomocysteine; the L-enantiomer is formed from S-adenosylmethionine and is a strong inhibitor of S-adenosylmethionine-mediated methylation reactions. It can be cleaved to form adenosine and homocysteine.


go_id: GO:0046499
term: S-adenosylmethioninamine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving S-adenosylmethioninamine, (5-deoxy-5-adenosyl)(3-aminopropyl) methylsulfonium salt.


go_id: GO:0046500
term: S-adenosylmethionine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving S-adenosylmethionine, S-(5'-adenosyl)-L-methionine, an important intermediate in one-carbon metabolism.


go_id: GO:0046501
term: protoporphyrinogen IX metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving protoporphyrinogen IX, the specific substrate for the enzyme ferrochelatase, which catalyzes the insertion of iron to form protoheme. It is probably also the substrate for chlorophyll formation.


go_id: GO:0046502
term: uroporphyrinogen III metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving uroporphyrinogen III, a precursor for synthesis of vitamin B12, chlorophyll, and heme in organisms that produce these compounds.


go_id: GO:0046503
term: glycerolipid catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerolipids, any lipid with a glycerol backbone.


go_id: GO:0046504
term: glycerol ether biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycerol ethers, any anhydride formed between two organic hydroxy compounds, one of which is glycerol.


go_id: GO:0046505
term: sulfolipid metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving sulfolipids, any compound containing a sulfonic acid residue joined by a carbon-sulfur bond to a lipid.


go_id: GO:0046506
term: sulfolipid biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sulfolipid, a compound containing a sulfonic acid residue joined by a carbon-sulfur bond to a lipid.


go_id: GO:0046509
term: 1,2-diacylglycerol 3-beta-galactosyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + UDP-D-galactose = 1,2-diacyl-3-beta-D-galactosyl-sn-glycerol + H(+) + UDP.


go_id: GO:0046510
term: UDP-sulfoquinovose:DAG sulfoquinovosyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-sulfoquinovose + 1,2-diacylglycerol = sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol + UDP.


go_id: GO:0046511
term: sphinganine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sphinganine, D-erythro-2-amino-1,3-octadecanediol.


go_id: GO:0046512
term: sphingosine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sphingosine (sphing-4-enine), trans-D-erytho-2-amino-octadec-4-ene-1,3-diol, a long chain amino diol sphingoid base that occurs in most sphingolipids in animal tissues.


go_id: GO:0046513
term: ceramide biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ceramides, any N-acylated sphingoid.


go_id: GO:0046514
term: ceramide catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ceramides, any N-acetylated sphingoid.


go_id: GO:0046517
term: octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, a cyclic silicone-oxygen ring compound with two methyl groups attached to each silicone atom.


go_id: GO:0046518
term: octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, a cyclic silicone-oxygen ring compound with two methyl groups attached to each silicone atom.


go_id: GO:0046519
term: sphingoid metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving sphingoids, any of a class of compounds comprising sphinganine and its homologues and stereoisomers, and derivatives of these compounds.


go_id: GO:0046520
term: sphingoid biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sphingoids, any of a class of compounds comprising sphinganine and its homologues and stereoisomers, and derivatives of these compounds.


go_id: GO:0046521
term: sphingoid catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sphingoids, any of a class of compounds comprising sphinganine and its homologues and stereoisomers, and derivatives of these compounds.


go_id: GO:0046522
term: S-methyl-5-thioribose kinase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: S-methyl-5-thio-D-ribose + ATP = S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate + ADP + 2 H(+).


go_id: GO:0046523
term: S-methyl-5-thioribose-1-phosphate isomerase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate = S-methyl-5-thio-D-ribulose 1-phosphate.


go_id: GO:0046525
term: xylosylprotein 4-beta-galactosyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-galactose + O-beta-D-xylosylprotein = UDP + 4-beta-D-galactosyl-O-beta-D-xylosylprotein.


go_id: GO:0046527
term: glucosyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the transfer of a glucosyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid.


go_id: GO:0046528
term: imaginal disc fusion
ontology: BP
definition:
The process following disc eversion whereby imaginal discs fuse with adjacent disc derivatives to form a continuous adult epidermis.


go_id: GO:0046530
term: photoreceptor cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
The specialization of organization of a photoreceptor, a cell that responds to incident electromagnetic radiation, particularly visible light. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


go_id: GO:0046532
term: regulation of photoreceptor cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of photoreceptor cell differentiation. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


go_id: GO:0046533
term: negative regulation of photoreceptor cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of photoreceptor cell differentiation. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


go_id: GO:0046534
term: positive regulation of photoreceptor cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of photoreceptor cell differentiation. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


go_id: GO:0046535
term: detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of umami taste
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events required for a umami taste stimulus to be received and converted to a molecular signal. Umami taste is the savory taste of meats and other foods that are rich in glutamates.


go_id: GO:0046536
term: dosage compensation complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A protein or protein-RNA complex that localizes to one or more of the sex chromosome(s), where it acts to normalize transcription between different sexes.


go_id: GO:0046537
term: 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-independent phosphoglycerate mutase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-phospho-D-glycerate = 3-phospho-D glycerate; this reaction does not require the cofactor 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate.


go_id: GO:0046538
term: 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-dependent phosphoglycerate mutase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-phospho-D-glycerate = 3-phospho-D-glycerate; this reaction requires the cofactor 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate.


go_id: GO:0046539
term: histamine N-methyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) + histamine = N(tau)-methylhistamine + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H(+).


go_id: GO:0046541
term: saliva secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
The regulated release of saliva from the salivary glands. In man, the saliva is a turbid and slightly viscous fluid, generally of an alkaline reaction, and is secreted by the parotid, submaxillary, and sublingual glands. In the mouth the saliva is mixed with the secretion from the buccal glands. In man and many animals, saliva is an important digestive fluid on account of the presence of the peculiar enzyme, ptyalin.


go_id: GO:0046543
term: development of secondary female sexual characteristics
ontology: BP
definition:
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the secondary female sexual characteristics over time, from their formation to the mature structures. In female humans, these include growth of axillary and pubic hair, breast development and menstrual periods. Their development occurs in response to sex hormone secretion.


go_id: GO:0046544
term: development of secondary male sexual characteristics
ontology: BP
definition:
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the secondary male sexual characteristics over time, from their formation to the mature structures. In male humans, these include growth of axillary, chest, and pubic hair, voice changes, and testicular/penile enlargement. Development occurs in response to sex hormone secretion.


go_id: GO:0046545
term: development of primary female sexual characteristics
ontology: BP
definition:
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the primary female sexual characteristics over time, from their formation to the mature structure. The primary female sexual characteristics are the ovaries, and they develop in response to sex hormone secretion.


go_id: GO:0046546
term: development of primary male sexual characteristics
ontology: BP
definition:
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the primary male sexual characteristics over time, from their formation to the mature structures. The primary male sexual characteristics are the testes, and they develop in response to sex hormone secretion.


go_id: GO:0046547
term: trans-aconitate 3-methyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) + trans-aconitate = (E)-2-(methoxycarbonylmethyl)but-2-enedioate + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


go_id: GO:0046548
term: retinal rod cell development
ontology: BP
definition:
Development of a rod cell, one of the sensory cells in the eye that reacts to the presence of light. Rod cells contain the photopigment rhodopsin or porphyropsin and are responsible for vision in dim light.


go_id: GO:0046549
term: retinal cone cell development
ontology: BP
definition:
Development of a cone cell, one of the sensory cells in the eye that reacts to the presence of light. Cone cells contain the photopigment iodopsin or cyanopsin and are responsible for photopic (daylight) vision.


go_id: GO:0046550
term: (3-aminopropyl)(L-aspartyl-1-amino)phosphoryl-5'-adenosine biosynthetic process from asparagine
ontology: BP
definition:
The modification of asparagine to (3-aminopropyl)(L-aspartyl-1-amino)phosphoryl-5'-adenosine as found in microcin C7 produced from the mccA gene in E. coli plasmid pMccC7.


go_id: GO:0046551
term: retinal cone cell fate commitment
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a retinal cone cell. A retinal cone cell is one of the two photoreceptor subtypes in a camera-type eye.


go_id: GO:0046552
term: photoreceptor cell fate commitment
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a photoreceptor cell. A photoreceptor cell is a cell that responds to incident electromagnetic radiation. Different classes of photoreceptor have different spectral sensitivities and express different photosensitive pigments.


go_id: GO:0046556
term: alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing alpha-L-arabinofuranoside residues in alpha-L-arabinosides.


go_id: GO:0046565
term: 3-dehydroshikimate dehydratase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: 3-dehydroshikimate = 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + H2O. 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate is also known as protocatechuate.


go_id: GO:0046566
term: DOPA dioxygenase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the 4,5-ring opening reaction: 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine + O2 = 4,5-seco-DOPA. 4,5-seco-DOPA spontaneously recyclizes to form betalamic acid.


go_id: GO:0046567
term: aphidicolan-16 beta-ol synthase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: 9-alpha-copalyl diphosphate + H2O = aphidicolan-16-beta-ol + diphosphate.


go_id: GO:0046568
term: 3-methylbutanol:NAD(P) oxidoreductase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: 3-methylbutanol + NAD(P)+ = 3-methylbutanal + NAD(P)H + H+. 3-methylbutanal is also known as isovaleraldehyde.


go_id: GO:0046570
term: methylthioribulose 1-phosphate dehydratase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: S-methyl-5-thio-D-ribulose 1-phosphate = 5-(methylthio)-2,3-dioxopentyl phosphate + H(2)O.


go_id: GO:0046573
term: lactonohydrolase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of lactone rings (intramolecular cyclic esters) to produce a hydroxyl group and a carboxyl group.


go_id: GO:0046575
term: rhamnogalacturonan acetylesterase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the removal of acetylesters (as acetate) from galacturonic acid residues in the backbone of rhamnogalacturonan.


go_id: GO:0046576
term: rhamnogalacturonan alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->4)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyluronide lyase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the cleavage of rhamnogalacturonan, generating oligosaccharides of the form alpha-D-us-galacturonic acid-(1,2)-alpha-L-rhamnose-(1,4)-alpha-D-galacturonate-(1,2)-L-rhamnose-(1,2)-alpha-L-rhamnose-p-(1,4)-alpha-D-galacturonic acid, terminating at the non-reducing end with a hex-4-enopyranosyluronic acid residue.


go_id: GO:0046579
term: positive regulation of Ras protein signal transduction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Ras protein signal transduction.


go_id: GO:0046580
term: negative regulation of Ras protein signal transduction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of Ras protein signal transduction.


go_id: GO:0046581
term: intercellular canaliculus
ontology: CC
definition:
An extremely narrow tubular channel located between adjacent cells. An instance of this is the secretory canaliculi occurring between adjacent parietal cells in the gastric mucosa of vertebrates.


go_id: GO:0046583
term: cation efflux transmembrane transporter activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Enables the transfer of a cation or cations from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell across a membrane.


go_id: GO:0046584
term: enniatin metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving enniatins, any of various cyclodepsipeptide antibiotics from Fusarium species that function as ionophores.


go_id: GO:0046585
term: enniatin biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of enniatins, any of various cyclodepsipeptide antibiotics from Fusarium species that function as ionophores.


go_id: GO:0046586
term: regulation of calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the attachment of one cell to another cell via adhesion molecules that require the presence of calcium for the interaction.


go_id: GO:0046587
term: positive regulation of calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion.


go_id: GO:0046588
term: negative regulation of calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion.


go_id: GO:0046589
term: ribonuclease T1 activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage to nucleoside 3'-phosphates and 3'-phosphooligonucleotides ending in Gp with 2',3'-cyclic phosphate intermediates.


go_id: GO:0046594
term: maintenance of pole plasm mRNA location
ontology: BP
definition:
The process of maintaining mRNA in a specific location in the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


go_id: GO:0046597
term: negative regulation of viral entry into host cell
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the entry of viral entry into a host cell.


go_id: GO:0046598
term: positive regulation of viral entry into host cell
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the introduction of viral entry into the host cell.


go_id: GO:0046599
term: regulation of centriole replication
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation of a daughter centriole of an existing centriole.


go_id: GO:0046600
term: negative regulation of centriole replication
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of centriole replication.


go_id: GO:0046602
term: regulation of mitotic centrosome separation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the separation of duplicated centrosome components at the beginning of mitosis.


go_id: GO:0046603
term: negative regulation of mitotic centrosome separation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of centrosome separation.


go_id: GO:0046605
term: regulation of centrosome cycle
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the centrosome cycle, the processes of centrosome duplication and separation.


go_id: GO:0046611
term: lysosomal proton-transporting V-type ATPase complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex found in the lysosomal membrane, where it acts as a proton pump to mediate acidification of the lysosomal lumen.


go_id: GO:0046618
term: xenobiotic export from cell
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a xenobiotic from a cell, into the extracellular region.  A xenobiotic is a compound foreign to the organim exposed to it. It may be synthesized by another organism (like ampicilin) or it can be a synthetic chemical.


go_id: GO:0046619
term: lens placode formation involved in camera-type eye formation
ontology: BP
definition:
Establishment and formation of the optic placode, paired ectodermal placodes that become invaginated to form the embryonic lens vesicles.


go_id: GO:0046621
term: negative regulation of organ growth
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of growth of an organ of an organism.


go_id: GO:0046622
term: positive regulation of organ growth
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of growth of an organ of an organism.


go_id: GO:0046623
term: sphingolipid floppase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the movement of a sphingolipid from the cytosolic to the exoplasmic leaftlet of a membrane, using energy from the hydrolysis of ATP.


go_id: GO:0046624
term: sphingolipid transporter activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Enables the directed movement of sphingolipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. Sphingolipids are a class of lipids containing the long-chain amine diol sphingosine or a closely related base (a sphingoid).


go_id: GO:0046625
term: sphingolipid binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Binding to a sphingolipid, a class of lipids containing the long-chain amine diol sphingosine or a closely related base (a sphingoid).


go_id: GO:0046627
term: negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of insulin receptor signaling.


go_id: GO:0046629
term: gamma-delta T cell activation
ontology: BP
definition:
The change in morphology and behavior of a gamma-delta T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific.


go_id: GO:0046631
term: alpha-beta T cell activation
ontology: BP
definition:
The change in morphology and behavior of an alpha-beta T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific.


go_id: GO:0046632
term: alpha-beta T cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of an alpha-beta T cell. An alpha-beta T cell is a T cell that expresses an alpha-beta T cell receptor complex.


go_id: GO:0046635
term: positive regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of alpha-beta T cell activation.


go_id: GO:0046636
term: negative regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of alpha-beta T cell activation.


go_id: GO:0046638
term: positive regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of alpha-beta T cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0046639
term: negative regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of alpha-beta T cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0046641
term: positive regulation of alpha-beta T cell proliferation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of alpha-beta T cell proliferation.


go_id: GO:0046642
term: negative regulation of alpha-beta T cell proliferation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of alpha-beta T cell proliferation.


go_id: GO:0046644
term: negative regulation of gamma-delta T cell activation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell activation.


go_id: GO:0046645
term: positive regulation of gamma-delta T cell activation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell activation.


go_id: GO:0046647
term: negative regulation of gamma-delta T cell proliferation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell proliferation.


go_id: GO:0046648
term: positive regulation of gamma-delta T cell proliferation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell proliferation.


go_id: GO:0046649
term: lymphocyte activation
ontology: BP
definition:
A change in morphology and behavior of a lymphocyte resulting from exposure to a specific antigen, mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor.


go_id: GO:0046653
term: tetrahydrofolate metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving tetrahydrofolate, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid, a folate derivative bearing additional hydrogens on the pterin group.


go_id: GO:0046654
term: tetrahydrofolate biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tetrahydrofolate, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid, a folate derivative bearing additional hydrogens on the pterin group.


go_id: GO:0046655
term: folic acid metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving folic acid, pteroylglutamic acid. Folic acid is widely distributed as a member of the vitamin B complex and is essential for the synthesis of purine and pyrimidines.


go_id: GO:0046658
term: anchored component of plasma membrane
ontology: CC
definition:
The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products that are tethered to the membrane only by a covalently attached anchor, such as a lipid group, that is embedded in the membrane. Gene products with peptide sequences that are embedded in the membrane are excluded from this grouping.


go_id: GO:0046662
term: regulation of oviposition
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the deposition of eggs, either fertilized or not, upon a surface or into a medium.


go_id: GO:0046663
term: dorsal closure, leading edge cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a leading edge cell, the dorsal-most cells of the epidermis that migrates during dorsal closure.


go_id: GO:0046664
term: dorsal closure, amnioserosa morphology change
ontology: BP
definition:
The changes that occur during dorsal closure of the shape and structure of the amnioserosa, an epithelium that occupies the dorsal side of the embryo.


go_id: GO:0046665
term: amnioserosa maintenance
ontology: BP
definition:
Maintenance of the amnioserosa, an epithelium that occupies a hole in the embryonic dorsal epidermis.


go_id: GO:0046667
term: compound eye retinal cell programmed cell death
ontology: BP
definition:
Programmed cell death that occurs in the retina to remove excess cells between ommatidia, thus resulting in a hexagonal lattice, precise with respect to cell number and position surrounding each ommatidium.


go_id: GO:0046668
term: regulation of retinal cell programmed cell death
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death that occurs in the retina.


go_id: GO:0046669
term: regulation of compound eye retinal cell programmed cell death
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death that occurs in the compound eye retina.


go_id: GO:0046670
term: positive regulation of retinal cell programmed cell death
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death that occurs in the retina.


go_id: GO:0046671
term: negative regulation of retinal cell programmed cell death
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death that occurs in the retina.


go_id: GO:0046672
term: positive regulation of compound eye retinal cell programmed cell death
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death that occurs in the compound eye retina.


go_id: GO:0046673
term: negative regulation of compound eye retinal cell programmed cell death
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death that occurs in the compound eye retina.


go_id: GO:0046676
term: negative regulation of insulin secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of insulin.


go_id: GO:0046677
term: response to antibiotic
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an antibiotic stimulus. An antibiotic is a chemical substance produced by a microorganism which has the capacity to inhibit the growth of or to kill other microorganisms.


go_id: GO:0046678
term: response to bacteriocin
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a bacteriocin stimulus. A bacteriocin is a protein substance released by certain bacteria that kills but does not lyse closely related strains of bacteria. Specific bacteriocins attach to specific receptors on cell walls and induce specific metabolic block, e.g. cessation of nucleic acid or protein synthesis of oxidative phosphorylation.


go_id: GO:0046679
term: response to streptomycin
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a streptomycin stimulus. Streptomycin is a commonly used antibiotic in cell culture media which acts only on prokaryotes and blocks transition from initiation complex to chain elongating ribosome.


go_id: GO:0046680
term: response to DDT
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a DDT stimulus. DDT, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, is a chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticide moderately toxic to humans and other animals.


go_id: GO:0046681
term: response to carbamate
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a carbamate stimulus. Carbamates are a group of insecticides and parasiticides that act by inhibiting cholinesterase.


go_id: GO:0046682
term: response to cyclodiene
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cyclodiene stimulus. A cyclodiene is any organic insecticide (as dieldrin or chlordane) with a chlorinated methylene group forming a bridge across a 6-membered carbon ring.


go_id: GO:0046683
term: response to organophosphorus
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organophosphorus stimulus. Organophosphorus is a compound containing phosphorus bound to an organic molecule; several organophosphorus compounds are used as insecticides, and they are highly toxic cholinesterase inhibitors.


go_id: GO:0046684
term: response to pyrethroid
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pyrethroid stimulus. Pyrethroids are a group of growth regulators, analogous to insect juvenile hormones, that interfere with the development of insect larvae and are used in the control of insects that are harmful in the adult stage.


go_id: GO:0046685
term: response to arsenic-containing substance
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an arsenic stimulus from compounds containing arsenic, including arsenates, arsenites, and arsenides.


go_id: GO:0046686
term: response to cadmium ion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cadmium (Cd) ion stimulus.


go_id: GO:0046687
term: response to chromate
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chromate stimulus.


go_id: GO:0046688
term: response to copper ion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a copper ion stimulus.


go_id: GO:0046689
term: response to mercury ion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mercury ion stimulus.


go_id: GO:0046690
term: response to tellurium ion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a tellurium ion stimulus.


go_id: GO:0046691
term: intracellular canaliculus
ontology: CC
definition:
An apical plasma membrane part that forms a narrow enfolded luminal membrane channel, lined with numerous microvilli, that appears to extend into the cytoplasm of the cell. A specialized network of intracellular canaliculi is a characteristic feature of parietal cells of the gastric mucosa in vertebrates.


go_id: GO:0046694
term: sperm incapacitation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which the use of stored sperm from the first-mating male is inhibited by the seminal fluid of subsequently mating males.


go_id: GO:0046695
term: SLIK (SAGA-like) complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A SAGA-type histone acetyltransferase complex that contains a smaller form of Spt7 (lacking the SPT8 binding region) than the fungal SAGA complex, and consequently lacks Spt8. The complex is involved in the yeast retrograde response pathway, which is important for gene expression changes during mitochondrial dysfunction.


go_id: GO:0046696
term: lipopolysaccharide receptor complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A multiprotein complex that consists of at least three proteins, CD14, TLR4, and MD-2, each of which is glycosylated and which functions as a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) receptor that primes the innate immune response against bacterial pathogens.


go_id: GO:0046697
term: decidualization
ontology: BP
definition:
The cellular and vascular changes occurring in the endometrium of the pregnant uterus just after the onset of blastocyst implantation. This process involves the proliferation and differentiation of the fibroblast-like endometrial stromal cells into large, polyploid decidual cells that eventually form the maternal component of the placenta.


go_id: GO:0046700
term: heterocycle catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of heterocyclic compounds, those with a cyclic molecular structure and at least two different atoms in the ring (or rings).


go_id: GO:0046701
term: insecticide catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of insecticides, chemicals used to kill insects.


go_id: GO:0046702
term: galactoside 6-L-fucosyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the transfer of an L-fucosyl group from GDP-beta-L-fucose to a galactoside acceptor molecule, usually an N-glycan, to form an alpha(1,6)-fucosylated galactoside.


go_id: GO:0046713
term: borate transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of borate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Borate is the anion (BO3)3-; boron is a group 13 element, with properties which are borderline between metals and non-metals.


go_id: GO:0046716
term: muscle cell cellular homeostasis
ontology: BP
definition:
The cellular homeostatic process that preserves a muscle cell in a stable functional or structural state.


go_id: GO:0046718
term: viral entry into host cell
ontology: BP
definition:
The process that occurs after viral attachment by which a virus, or viral nucleic acid, breaches the plasma membrane or cell envelope and enters the host cell. The process ends when the viral nucleic acid is released into the host cell cytoplasm.


go_id: GO:0046720
term: citric acid secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
The controlled release of citric acid, 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, by a cell or a tissue.


go_id: GO:0046723
term: malic acid secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
The controlled release of malic acid, hydroxybutanedioic (hydroxysuccinic) acid, by a cell or a tissue.


go_id: GO:0046739
term: transport of virus in multicellular host
ontology: BP
definition:
The transport of a virus between cells in a multicellular organism. The cells can be adjacent or spatially separated (e.g. in different tissues or organs).


go_id: GO:0046745
term: viral capsid secondary envelopment
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a capsid acquires another membrane envelope, subsequent to acquiring an initial membrane envelope.


go_id: GO:0046752
term: viral capsid precursor transport to host cell nucleus
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which viral capsid precursors are transported to a specific location in the nucleus, thus accumulating the necessary components for assembly of a capsid.


go_id: GO:0046754
term: viral exocytosis
ontology: BP
definition:
The exit of enveloped or unenveloped virion particles from the host cell by exocytosis, without causing cell lysis.


go_id: GO:0046755
term: viral budding
ontology: BP
definition:
A viral process by which enveloped viruses acquire a host-derived membrane enriched in viral proteins to form their external envelope. The process starts when nucleocapsids, assembled or in the process of being built, induce formation of a membrane curvature in the host plasma or organelle membrane and wrap up in the forming bud. The process ends when the bud is eventually pinched off by membrane scission to release the enveloped particle into the lumenal or extracellular space.


go_id: GO:0046771
term: viral budding from inner nuclear membrane
ontology: BP
definition:
The envelopment of a virus, in which the nucleocapsid evaginates from the host inner nuclear membrane system into the perinuclear space, thus acquiring a membrane envelope.


go_id: GO:0046772
term: viral budding from outer nuclear membrane
ontology: BP
definition:
The envelopment of a virus, in which the naked capsid evaginates from the host outer nuclear membrane system, thus acquiring a membrane envelope.


go_id: GO:0046773
term: suppression by virus of host translation termination
ontology: BP
definition:
Any viral process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of translational termination of a host mRNA.


go_id: GO:0046776
term: suppression by virus of host antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I
ontology: BP
definition:
Any viral process that inhibits a host antigen-presenting cell expressing a peptide antigen on its cell surface in association with an MHC class I transmembrane protein complex. One mechanism of suppression is by direct inhibition of host tapasin, a type I transmembrane protein essential for the optimal expression of stable MHC class I molecules on the host cell surface. By inhibiting host tapasin activity, viruses can prevent presentation of their antigens at the cell surface, and thereby evade the host anti-viral immune response.


go_id: GO:0046777
term: protein autophosphorylation
ontology: BP
definition:
The phosphorylation by a protein of one or more of its own amino acid residues (cis-autophosphorylation), or residues on an identical protein (trans-autophosphorylation).


go_id: GO:0046784
term: viral mRNA export from host cell nucleus
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of intronless viral mRNA from the host nucleus to the cytoplasm for translation.


go_id: GO:0046786
term: viral replication complex formation and maintenance
ontology: BP
definition:
The process of organizing and assembling viral replication proteins in preparation for viral replication.


go_id: GO:0046792
term: suppression by virus of host cell cycle arrest
ontology: BP
definition:
Viral interference in host cell processes that lead cell cycle arrest, allowing cell division to occur.


go_id: GO:0046793
term: induction by virus of phosphorylation of host RNA polymerase II
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which a virus activates the frequency, rate or extent of phosphorylation of host RNA polymerase II.


go_id: GO:0046797
term: viral procapsid maturation
ontology: BP
definition:
The refolding and structural rearrangements of individual capsid subunits to transition from the intermediate procapsid, to the more stable capsid structure.


go_id: GO:0046802
term: exit of virus from host cell nucleus by nuclear egress
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of an assembled viral particle out of the host cell nucleus by budding and fusion through the nuclear membranes. In this process, enveloped viral particles are formed by budding through the inner nuclear membrane. These perinuclear enveloped particles then fuse with the outer nuclear membrane to deliver a naked capsid into the host cytoplasm.


go_id: GO:0046804
term: peptide cross-linking via (2S,3S,4Xi,6R)-3-methyl-lanthionine sulfoxide
ontology: BP
definition:
The formation of a protein-protein cross-link between peptidyl-threonine and peptidyl-cysteine by the synthesis of (2S,3S,4Xi,6R)-3-methyl-lanthionine sulfoxide (3-methyl-L-lanthionine sulfoxide), as found in the antibiotic actagardine.


go_id: GO:0046805
term: protein-heme linkage via 1'-L-histidine
ontology: BP
definition:
The covalent linkage of heme and a protein via 1'-L-histidine (otherwise known as tau-heme-histidine, tele-heme-histidine).


go_id: GO:0046809
term: replication compartment
ontology: CC
definition:
Globular nuclear domains where the transcription and replication of the viral genome occurs. More than one site can be present simultaneously.


go_id: GO:0046811
term: histone deacetylase inhibitor activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Binds to and stops, prevents or reduces the activity of histone deacetylase, which catalyzes of the removal of acetyl groups from histones, proteins complexed to DNA in chromatin and chromosomes.


go_id: GO:0046813
term: receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell
ontology: BP
definition:
The process by which a virion attaches to a host cell by binding to a receptor on the host cell surface.


go_id: GO:0046814
term: coreceptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell
ontology: BP
definition:
The process by which a virion attaches to a host cell by binding to a co-receptor on the host cell surface.


go_id: GO:0046815
term: genome retention in viral capsid
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which the viral genome is retained within the capsid during genome cleavage and packaging.


go_id: GO:0046818
term: dense nuclear body
ontology: CC
definition:
A location in the host cell nucleus where viral proteins colocalize late in infection prior to the onset of viral DNA synthesis. More than one site can be present simultaneously.


go_id: GO:0046819
term: protein secretion by the type V secretion system
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which proteins mediate their own secretion across the outer membrane through a beta-barrel pore structure formed by the C-terminal domain of the protein precursor. Following passage across the outer membrane, the mature protein is released from the pore by an autocatalytic activity. Proteins secreted by the Type V system are first translocated across the plasma membrane by the Sec pathway.


go_id: GO:0046820
term: 4-amino-4-deoxychorismate synthase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: L-glutamine + chorismate = 4-amino-4-deoxychorismate + L-glutamate. It is composed of two enzymatic activities (which may be present on one or two polypeptides); the first is a glutaminase which yields ammonia from glutamine, releasing glutamate. The ammonia is used by the second activity which catalyzes the amination of chorismate to form 4-amino-4-deoxychorismate.


go_id: GO:0046822
term: regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.


go_id: GO:0046823
term: negative regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances between the cytoplasm and the nucleus.


go_id: GO:0046824
term: positive regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.


go_id: GO:0046825
term: regulation of protein export from nucleus
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.


go_id: GO:0046826
term: negative regulation of protein export from nucleus
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of proteins from the nucleus into the cytoplasm.


go_id: GO:0046827
term: positive regulation of protein export from nucleus
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of directed movement of proteins from the nucleus into the cytoplasm.


go_id: GO:0046828
term: regulation of RNA import into nucleus
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of movement of RNA from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.


go_id: GO:0046829
term: negative regulation of RNA import into nucleus
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the movement of RNA from the cytoplasm into the nucleus.


go_id: GO:0046830
term: positive regulation of RNA import into nucleus
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of movement of RNA from the cytoplasm into the nucleus.


go_id: GO:0046831
term: regulation of RNA export from nucleus
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of RNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.


go_id: GO:0046832
term: negative regulation of RNA export from nucleus
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of RNA from the nucleus into the cytoplasm.


go_id: GO:0046833
term: positive regulation of RNA export from nucleus
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of directed movement of RNA from the nucleus into the cytoplasm.


go_id: GO:0046834
term: lipid phosphorylation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process of introducing one or more phosphate groups into a lipid, any member of a group of substances soluble in lipid solvents but only sparingly soluble in aqueous solvents.


go_id: GO:0046835
term: carbohydrate phosphorylation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process of introducing a phosphate group into a carbohydrate, any organic compound based on the general formula Cx(H2O)y.


go_id: GO:0046836
term: glycolipid transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of glycolipids, compounds containing (usually) 1-4 linked monosaccharide residues joined by a glycosyl linkage to a lipid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0046838
term: phosphorylated carbohydrate dephosphorylation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process of removing a phosphate group from a phosphorylated carbohydrate, any organic compound based on the general formula Cx(H2O)y with a phosphate group attached to it.


go_id: GO:0046839
term: phospholipid dephosphorylation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process of removing one or more phosphate groups from a phosphorylated lipid, any member of a group of substances soluble in lipid solvents but only sparingly soluble in aqueous solvents.


go_id: GO:0046841
term: trisporic acid metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving trisporic acid, a carotenoic acid derivative used as a pheromone in some species of Zygomycota.


go_id: GO:0046843
term: dorsal appendage formation
ontology: BP
definition:
Establishment of the dorsal filaments, elaborate specializations of the chorion that protrude from the anterior end of the egg and facilitate embryonic respiration.


go_id: GO:0046844
term: chorion micropyle formation
ontology: BP
definition:
Establishment of the micropyle, a single cone-shaped specialization of the chorion that allows sperm entry into the egg prior to fertilization.


go_id: GO:0046845
term: branched duct epithelial cell fate determination, open tracheal system
ontology: BP
definition:
Allocation of a set number of cells to each primary branch in an open tracheal system, prior to the onset of cell migration. This establishes different domains of cells within the tracheal placode.


go_id: GO:0046847
term: filopodium assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
The assembly of a filopodium, a thin, stiff protrusion extended by the leading edge of a motile cell such as a crawling fibroblast or amoeba, or an axonal growth cone.


go_id: GO:0046848
term: hydroxyapatite binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Binding to hydroxyapatite, the calcium phosphate mineral of formula Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 found both in rocks of nonorganic origin and as a component of bone and dentin.


go_id: GO:0046849
term: bone remodeling
ontology: BP
definition:
The continuous turnover of bone matrix and mineral that involves first, an increase in resorption (osteoclastic activity) and later, reactive bone formation (osteoblastic activity). The process of bone remodeling takes place in the adult skeleton at discrete foci. The process ensures the mechanical integrity of the skeleton throughout life and plays an important role in calcium homeostasis. An imbalance in the regulation of bone resorption and bone formation results in many of the metabolic bone diseases, such as osteoporosis.


go_id: GO:0046850
term: regulation of bone remodeling
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of bone remodeling, the processes of bone formation and resorption that combine to maintain skeletal integrity.


go_id: GO:0046857
ontology: MF
term:
oxidoreductase activity, acting on other nitrogenous compounds as donors, with NAD or NADP as acceptor

definition:
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a nitrogenous group, excluding NH and NH2 groups, acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP.


go_id: GO:0046858
term: chlorosome
ontology: CC
definition:
A large enclosure of aggregated pigment, typically bacteriochlorophyll c (BChl c), that acts as a light-harvesting antenna structure and is characteristic of green photosynthetic bacteria (e.g. Chlorobiaceae). The BChl aggregates are organized into lamellar elements by pigment-pigment rather than pigment-protein interactions. Chlorosomes also contain BChl a, carotenoids, quinones, lipids, and proteins, and are attached to the cytoplasmic membrane via a BChl a-containing protein baseplate.


go_id: GO:0046863
term: ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activator activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Increases the activity of rubisco by the removal of otherwise inhibitory sugar phosphates: RuBP, and in some plants, 2-carboxyarabinitol 1-phosphate.


go_id: GO:0046864
term: isoprenoid transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of isoprenoids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Isoprenoids comprise a group of compounds containing or derived from linked isoprene (3-methyl-2-butenylene) residues.


go_id: GO:0046865
term: terpenoid transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of terpenoids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Terpenoids are a class of compounds characterized by an isoprenoid chemical structure and include derivatives with various functional groups.


go_id: GO:0046866
term: tetraterpenoid transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of tetraterpenoids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Tetraterpenoids are terpenoids with eight isoprene units.


go_id: GO:0046867
term: carotenoid transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of carotenoids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Carotenoids are tetraterpenoid compounds in which two units of 4 isoprenoid residues joined head-to-tail are themselves joined tail-to-tail.


go_id: GO:0046868
term: mesosome
ontology: CC
definition:
An intracellular, often complex, membranous structure, sometimes with additional membranous lamellae inside, found in bacteria. They are associated with synthesis of DNA and secretion of proteins.


go_id: GO:0046869
term: iron incorporation into iron-sulfur cluster via tris-L-cysteinyl-L-aspartato diiron disulfide
ontology: BP
definition:
The incorporation of iron into a 2Fe-2S iron-sulfur cluster via tris-L-cysteinyl-L-aspartato diiron disulfide.


go_id: GO:0046871
term: N-acetylgalactosamine binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Binding to N-acetylgalactosamine, 2-acetamido-2-deoxygalactopyranose, the n-acetyl derivative of galactosamine.


go_id: GO:0046874
term: quinolinate metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving quinolinate, the anion of quinolinic acid, also known as 2,3-pyridinedicarboxylic acid.


go_id: GO:0046876
term: 3,4-didehydroretinal binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Binding to 3,4-didehydroretinal, a form of retinal that plays a role in the visual process in freshwater fish and some amphibians analogous to that of all-trans retinal in other vertebrates. 3,4-didehydro-11-cis-retinal combines with an opsin to form cyanopsin (cone) or porphyropsin (rod).


go_id: GO:0046877
term: regulation of saliva secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of saliva from a cell or a tissue.


go_id: GO:0046878
term: positive regulation of saliva secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of saliva.


go_id: GO:0046879
term: hormone secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
The regulated release of hormones, substances with a specific regulatory effect on a particular organ or group of cells.


go_id: GO:0046880
term: regulation of follicle-stimulating hormone secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of follicle-stimulating hormone.


go_id: GO:0046881
term: positive regulation of follicle-stimulating hormone secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of follicle-stimulating hormone.


go_id: GO:0046882
term: negative regulation of follicle-stimulating hormone secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of follicle-stimulating hormone.


go_id: GO:0046883
term: regulation of hormone secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a hormone from a cell.


go_id: GO:0046884
term: follicle-stimulating hormone secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
The regulated release of follicle-stimulating hormone, a gonadotropic glycoprotein hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary.


go_id: GO:0046885
term: regulation of hormone biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hormones.


go_id: GO:0046886
term: positive regulation of hormone biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hormones.


go_id: GO:0046887
term: positive regulation of hormone secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a hormone from a cell.


go_id: GO:0046888
term: negative regulation of hormone secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a hormone from a cell.


go_id: GO:0046889
term: positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids.


go_id: GO:0046890
term: regulation of lipid biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids.


go_id: GO:0046895
term: N-terminal peptidyl-isoleucine methylation
ontology: BP
definition:
The methylation of the N-terminal isoleucine of proteins to form the derivative N-methyl-L-isoleucine.


go_id: GO:0046898
term: response to cycloheximide
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cycloheximide stimulus. Cycloheximide (actidione) is an antibiotic produced by some Streptomyces species which interferes with protein synthesis in eukaryotes.


go_id: GO:0046900
term: tetrahydrofolylpolyglutamate metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving tetrahydrofolylpolyglutamate, a folate derivative comprising tetrahydrofolate attached to a chain of glutamate residues.


go_id: GO:0046901
term: tetrahydrofolylpolyglutamate biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tetrahydrofolylpolyglutamate, a folate derivative comprising tetrahydrofolate attached to a chain of glutamate residues.


go_id: GO:0046902
term: regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the passage or uptake of molecules by the mitochondrial membrane.


go_id: GO:0046904
term: calcium oxalate binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Binding to calcium oxalate, CaC2O4, a salt of oxalic acid. In animals, it may be excreted in urine or retained in the form of urinary calculi.


go_id: GO:0046906
term: tetrapyrrole binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Binding to a tetrapyrrole, a compound containing four pyrrole nuclei variously substituted and linked to each other through carbons at the alpha position.


go_id: GO:0046911
term: metal chelating activity
ontology: MF
definition:
The formation of bonds from two or more atoms within the same ligand to a metal atom in complexes in which the metal is part of a ring.


go_id: GO:0046912
term: acyltransferase activity, acyl groups converted into alkyl on transfer
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor), with the acyl group being converted into alkyl on transfer.


go_id: GO:0046914
term: transition metal ion binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Binding to a transition metal ions; a transition metal is an element whose atom has an incomplete d-subshell of extranuclear electrons, or which gives rise to a cation or cations with an incomplete d-subshell. Transition metals often have more than one valency state. Biologically relevant transition metals include vanadium, manganese, iron, copper, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum and silver.


go_id: GO:0046915
term: transition metal ion transmembrane transporter activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Enables the transfer of transition metal ions from one side of a membrane to the other. A transition metal is an element whose atom has an incomplete d-subshell of extranuclear electrons, or which gives rise to a cation or cations with an incomplete d-subshell. Transition metals often have more than one valency state. Biologically relevant transition metals include vanadium, manganese, iron, copper, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum and silver.


go_id: GO:0046916
term: cellular transition metal ion homeostasis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of transition metal ions at the level of a cell. A transition metal is an element whose atom has an incomplete d-subshell of extranuclear electrons, or which gives rise to a cation or cations with an incomplete d-subshell. Transition metals often have more than one valency state. Biologically relevant transition metals include vanadium, manganese, iron, copper, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum and silver.


go_id: GO:0046917
term: triphosphoribosyl-dephospho-CoA synthase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 3-dephospho-CoA = 2'-(5''-triphosphoribosyl)-3'-dephospho-CoA + adenine.


go_id: GO:0046918
term: N-terminal peptidyl-glycine N-palmitoylation
ontology: BP
definition:
The covalent attachment of a palmitoyl group to a nitrogen (N) atom in an N-terminal glycine residue to form N-palmitoyl-glycine.


go_id: GO:0046920
term: alpha-(1->3)-fucosyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the transfer of an L-fucosyl group from GDP-beta-L-fucose to an acceptor molecule to form an alpha-(1->3) linkage.


go_id: GO:0046921
term: alpha-(1->6)-fucosyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the transfer of an L-fucosyl group from GDP-beta-L-fucose to an acceptor molecule to form an alpha-(1->6) linkage.


go_id: GO:0046922
term: peptide-O-fucosyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the transfer of an alpha-L-fucosyl residue from GDP- beta-L-fucose to the serine hydroxy group of a protein acceptor.


go_id: GO:0046923
term: ER retention sequence binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Binding to an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention sequence, a specific peptide sequence that ensures a protein is retained within the ER.


go_id: GO:0046924
term: peptide cross-linking via 2-(S-L-cysteinyl)-L-phenylalanine
ontology: BP
definition:
The cross-linking of a cysteine residue to an L-phenylalanine residue to form 2-(S-L-cysteinyl)-L-phenylalanine.


go_id: GO:0046925
term: peptide cross-linking via 2-(S-L-cysteinyl)-D-phenylalanine
ontology: BP
definition:
The cross-linking of a cysteine residue to an L-phenylalanine residue to form 2-(S-L-cysteinyl)-D-phenylalanine.


go_id: GO:0046926
term: peptide cross-linking via 2-(S-L-cysteinyl)-D-allo-threonine
ontology: BP
definition:
The post-translational cross-linking of a cysteine residue to an L-threonine residue to form 2-(S-L-cysteinyl)-D-allo-threonine.


go_id: GO:0046927
term: peptidyl-threonine racemization
ontology: BP
definition:
The racemization of peptidyl-L-threo-threonine at the alpha-carbon to form D-allo-threonine. This is coupled with the formation of the cross-link 2-(S-L-cysteinyl)-D-allo-threonine.


go_id: GO:0046928
term: regulation of neurotransmitter secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a neurotransmitter from a cell.


go_id: GO:0046929
term: negative regulation of neurotransmitter secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a neurotransmitter.


go_id: GO:0046930
term: pore complex
ontology: CC
definition:
A protein complex providing a discrete opening in a membrane that allows the passage of gases and/or liquids.


go_id: GO:0046931
term: pore complex assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a pore complex. A pore complex is a small opening in a membrane that allows the passage of liquids and/or gases.


go_id: GO:0046932
term: sodium-transporting ATP synthase activity, rotational mechanism
ontology: MF
definition:
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ADP + phosphate + Na+(out) => ATP + H2O + Na+(in), by a rotational mechanism.


go_id: GO:0046933
term: proton-transporting ATP synthase activity, rotational mechanism
ontology: MF
definition:
Enables the synthesis of ATP from ADP and phosphate by the transfer of protons from one side of a membrane to the other by a rotational mechanism driven by a gradient according to the reaction: ADP + H2O + phosphate + H+(in) -> ATP + H+(out).


go_id: GO:0046934
term: phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate + ATP = a 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate + ADP + 2 H(+).


go_id: GO:0046937
term: phytochelatin metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving phytochelatins, any of a group of peptides that bind metals (Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb, Hg) in thiolate coordination complexes. The structure is of the type (gamma-glutamyl-cysteinyl)n-glycine, where n is 2 to 11.


go_id: GO:0046938
term: phytochelatin biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phytochelatins, any of a group of peptides that bind metals (Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb, Hg) in thiolate coordination complexes. The structure is of the type (gamma-glutamyl-cysteinyl)n-glycine, where n is 2 to 11.


go_id: GO:0046939
term: nucleotide phosphorylation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process of introducing one or more phosphate groups into a nucleotide to produce a phosphorylated nucleoside.


go_id: GO:0046940
term: nucleoside monophosphate phosphorylation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process of introducing one or more phosphate groups into a nucleoside monophosphate to produce a polyphosphorylated nucleoside.


go_id: GO:0046941
term: azetidine-2-carboxylic acid acetyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: L-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid + acetyl-CoA = CoA-SH + N-acetyl azetidine-2-carboxylic acid.


go_id: GO:0046942
term: carboxylic acid transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of carboxylic acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Carboxylic acids are organic acids containing one or more carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-).


go_id: GO:0046943
term: carboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Enables the transfer of carboxylic acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Carboxylic acids are organic acids containing one or more carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-).


go_id: GO:0046944
term: protein carbamoylation
ontology: BP
definition:
The addition of a carbamoyl group to a protein amino acid. A carbamoyl group is the acyl group -CO-NH2.


go_id: GO:0046945
term: N-terminal peptidyl-alanine N-carbamoylation
ontology: BP
definition:
The carbamylation of the N-terminal alanine of proteins to form the derivative N-carbamoyl-L-alanine.


go_id: GO:0046946
term: hydroxylysine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving hydroxylysine (5-hydroxy-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid), a chiral alpha-amino acid. Hydroxylysine is found in collagen and commonly has galactose and then glucose added sequentially by glycosyltransferases.


go_id: GO:0046947
term: hydroxylysine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hydroxylysine (5-hydroxy-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid), a chiral alpha-amino acid.


go_id: GO:0046948
term: hydroxylysine catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of hydroxylysine (5-hydroxy-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid), a chiral alpha-amino acid.


go_id: GO:0046949
term: fatty-acyl-CoA biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a fatty-acyl-CoA, any derivative of coenzyme A in which the sulfhydryl group is in thiolester linkage with a fatty-acyl group.


go_id: GO:0046950
term: cellular ketone body metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving ketone bodies, any one of the three substances: acetoacetate, D-3-hydroxybutyrate (beta-hydroxybutyrate) or acetone, as carried out by individual cells. Although 3-hydroxybutyrate is not a ketone, it is classed as a ketone body because it exists in an equilibrium with acetoacetate. Ketone bodies may accumulate in excessive amounts in the body in starvation, diabetes mellitus or in other defects of carbohydrate metabolism.


go_id: GO:0046951
term: ketone body biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ketone bodies, any one of the three substances: acetoacetate, D-3-hydroxybutyrate (beta-hydroxybutyrate) or acetone. Biosynthesis involves the formation of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA, which is cleaved to acetate and acetyl-CoA.


go_id: GO:0046952
term: ketone body catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ketone bodies, any one of the three substances: acetoacetate, D-3-hydroxybutyrate (beta-hydroxybutyrate) or acetone. Ketone bodies can be used as an energy source as an alternative to glucose. Utilization of ketone bodies in peripheral tissues involves conversion of acetoacetate to acetoacetyl-CoA, which is then converted to two molecules of acetyl-CoA.


go_id: GO:0046958
term: nonassociative learning
ontology: BP
definition:
A simple form of learning whereby the repeated presence of a stimulus leads to a change in the probability or strength of the response to that stimulus. There is no association of one type of stimulus with another, rather it is a generalized response to the environment.


go_id: GO:0046959
term: habituation
ontology: BP
definition:
A decrease in a behavioral response to a repeated stimulus. This is exemplified by the failure of a person to show a startle response to a loud noise that has been repeatedly presented.


go_id: GO:0046960
term: sensitization
ontology: BP
definition:
An increased in a behavioral response to a repeated stimulus. For example, a shock to the tail of the marine snail Aplysia, to which the snail responds by withdrawing its gill, will result in increased gill withdrawal the next time the skin is touched.


go_id: GO:0046961
term: proton-transporting ATPase activity, rotational mechanism
ontology: MF
definition:
Enables the transfer of protons from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + H+(in) = ADP + phosphate + H+(out), by a rotational mechanism.


go_id: GO:0046962
term: sodium-transporting ATPase activity, rotational mechanism
ontology: MF
definition:
Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Na+(in) -> ADP + phosphate + Na+(out), by a rotational mechanism.


go_id: GO:0046963
term: 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate, a naturally occurring mixed anhydride synthesized from adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0046964
term: 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate transmembrane transporter activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Enables the transfer of 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate, a naturally occurring mixed anhydride synthesized from adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate, from one side of a membrane to the other.


go_id: GO:0046968
term: peptide antigen transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a peptide antigen into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. The peptide antigen is typically, but not always, processed from an endogenous or exogenous protein.


go_id: GO:0046969
term: NAD-dependent histone deacetylase activity (H3-K9 specific)
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: histone H3 N6-acetyl-L-lysine (position 9) + H2O = histone H3 L-lysine (position 9) + acetate. This reaction requires the presence of NAD, and represents the removal of an acetyl group from lysine at position 9 of the histone H3 protein.


go_id: GO:0046970
term: NAD-dependent histone deacetylase activity (H4-K16 specific)
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: histone H4 N6-acetyl-L-lysine (position 16) + H2O = histone H4 L-lysine (position 16) + acetate. This reaction requires the presence of NAD, and represents the removal of an acetyl group from lysine at position 16 of the histone H4 protein.


go_id: GO:0046972
term: histone acetyltransferase activity (H4-K16 specific)
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + histone H4 L-lysine (position 16) = CoA + histone H4 N6-acetyl-L-lysine (position 16). This reaction represents the addition of an acetyl group to the lysine at position 16 of histone H4.


go_id: GO:0046974
term: histone methyltransferase activity (H3-K9 specific)
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone H3 L-lysine (position 9) = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone H3 N6-methyl-L-lysine (position 9). This reaction is the addition of a methyl group onto lysine at position 9 of the histone H3 protein.


go_id: GO:0046975
term: histone methyltransferase activity (H3-K36 specific)
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone H3 L-lysine (position 36) = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone H3 N6-methyl-L-lysine (position 36). This reaction is the addition of a methyl group onto lysine at position 36 of the histone H3 protein.


go_id: GO:0046976
term: histone methyltransferase activity (H3-K27 specific)
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone H3 L-lysine (position 27) = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone H3 N6-methyl-L-lysine (position 27). This reaction is the addition of a methyl group onto lysine at position 27 of the histone H3 protein.


go_id: GO:0046977
term: TAP binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Binding to TAP protein, transporter associated with antigen processing protein. TAP protein is a heterodimeric peptide transporter consisting of the subunits TAP1 and TAP2.


go_id: GO:0046980
term: tapasin binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Binding to tapasin, a member of the MHC class I loading complex which bridges the TAP peptide transporter to class I molecules.


go_id: GO:0046981
term: beta-1,4-mannosylglycolipid beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the transfer of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) in a beta-1,3 linkage to the mannose(beta-1,4)Glc disaccharide core of glycolipids.


go_id: GO:0046983
term: protein dimerization activity
ontology: MF
definition:
The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits.


go_id: GO:0046984
term: regulation of hemoglobin biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hemoglobin, an oxygen carrying, conjugated protein containing four heme groups and globin.


go_id: GO:0046985
term: positive regulation of hemoglobin biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hemoglobin, an oxygen carrying, conjugated protein containing four heme groups and globin.


go_id: GO:0046986
term: negative regulation of hemoglobin biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hemoglobin, an oxygen carrying, conjugated protein containing four heme groups and globin.


go_id: GO:0046987
term: N-acetyllactosamine beta-1,3-glucuronosyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the transfer, in a beta 1,3 linkage, of D-glucuronic acid (GlcUA) from UDP-D-glucuronic acid to N-acetyllactosamine (galactosyl beta-1,4-N-acetylglucosamine).


go_id: GO:0046988
term: asioloorosomucoid beta-1,3-glucuronosyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the transfer, in a beta 1,3 linkage, of D-glucuronic acid (GlcUA) from UDP-GlcUA to asioloorosomucoid.


go_id: GO:0046989
term: galactosyl beta-1,3 N-acetylgalactosamine beta-1,3-glucuronosyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the transfer, in a beta 1,3 linkage, of D-glucuronic acid (GlcUA) from UDP-GlcUA to the disaccharide galactosyl beta-1,3 N-acetylgalactosamine, a common component of glycoproteins and glycolipids.


go_id: GO:0046993
term: oxidoreductase activity, acting on X-H and Y-H to form an X-Y bond, with oxygen as acceptor
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which X-H and Y-H form X-Y and the acceptor is oxygen.


go_id: GO:0046994
ontology: MF
term:
oxidoreductase activity, acting on hydrogen as donor, with a quinone or similar compound as acceptor

definition:
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen acts as an electron donor and reduces quinone or similar compound.


go_id: GO:0046995
term: oxidoreductase activity, acting on hydrogen as donor, with other known acceptors
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen reduces a known acceptor other than a cytochrome, an iron-sulfur protein, NAD, NADP, or a quinone or similar compound.


go_id: GO:0046997
term: oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH group of donors, flavin as acceptor
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-NH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a flavin.


go_id: GO:0046998
term: (S)-usnate reductase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: (6R)-2-acetyl-6-(3-acetyl-2,4,6-trihydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-3-hydroxy-6-methylcyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-one + NAD(+) = (S)-usnate + 2 H(+) + NADH.


go_id: GO:0047000
term: 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-dehydrogenase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate + NADP(+) = (4S,5S)-4,5-dihydroxy-2,6-dioxohexanoate + H(+) + NADPH.


go_id: GO:0047001
term: 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 5-dehydrogenase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: NAD+ + 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate = NADH + (4S)-4,6-dihydroxy-2,5-dioxohexanoate.


go_id: GO:0047003
term: dTDP-6-deoxy-L-talose 4-dehydrogenase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: dTDP-6-deoxy-L-talose + NADP(+) = dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-L-mannose + H(+) + NADPH.


go_id: GO:0047004
term: UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 6-dehydrogenase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O + 2 NAD(+) + UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine = 3 H(+) + 2 NADH + UDP-N-acetyl-2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucuronate.


go_id: GO:0047006
term: 17-alpha,20-alpha-dihydroxypregn-4-en-3-one dehydrogenase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(P)+ + 17-alpha,20-alpha-dihydroxypregn-4-en-3-one = NAD(P)H + H+ + 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone.


go_id: GO:0047009
term: 3-alpha-hydroxy-5-beta-androstane-17-one 3-alpha-dehydrogenase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: NAD+ + 3-alpha-hydroxy-5-beta-androstane-17-one = NADH + H+ + 5-beta-androstane-3,17-dione.


go_id: GO:0047010
term: hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylate dehydrogenase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: (1S,3R,4S)-3,4-dihydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxylate + NAD(+) = (1S,4S)-4-hydroxy-3-oxocyclohexane-1-carboxylate + H(+) + NADH.


go_id: GO:0047011
term: 2-dehydropantolactone reductase (A-specific) activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-pantolactone + NADP+ = 2-dehydropantolactone + NADPH + H+. The reaction is A-specific (i.e. the pro-R hydrogen is transferred from the 4-position of reduced nicotinamide cofactor) with respect to NADP+.


go_id: GO:0047012
term: sterol-4-alpha-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(P)+ + 3-beta-hydroxy-4-alpha-methyl-5-alpha-cholest-7-ene-4-beta-carboxylate = NAD(P)H + H+ + CO2 + 4-alpha-methyl-5-alpha-cholest-7-en-3-one.


go_id: GO:0047013
term: cholate 12-alpha dehydrogenase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: cholate + NADP(+) = 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-12-oxo-5beta-cholanate + H(+) + NADPH.


go_id: GO:0047014
term: glycerol-3-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase [NADP+] activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + NADP(+) = D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + H(+) + NADPH.


go_id: GO:0047015
term: 3-hydroxy-2-methylbutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: NAD+ + 2-methyl-3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA = NADH + H+ + 2-methylaceto-acetyl-CoA.


go_id: GO:0047016
term: cholest-5-ene-3-beta,7-alpha-diol 3-beta-dehydrogenase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: NAD+ + 7-alpha-hydroxycholesterol = NADH + H+ + 7-alpha-hydroxycholest-4-en-3-one.


go_id: GO:0047017
term: prostaglandin-F synthase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: NADP+ + (5Z,13E)-(15S)-9-alpha,11-alpha,15-trihydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate = NADPH + H+ + (5Z,13E)-(15S)-9-alpha,15-dihydroxy-11-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoate.


